Exploring barriers and facilitators of job opportunities of transwomen In Iran: A qualitative study

The employment experiences of transwomen in Iran remain largely unexamined, despite the significant impact of job opportunities on their quality of life and social integration. This qualitative study explores the barriers and facilitators that influence the career development of adult male-to-female (MTF) transgender individuals in the Iranian context. The research focuses on understanding transgender workplace experiences and concerns through semi-structured interviews with a minimum of ten participants aged 20 and above. Participants are recruited via snowball sampling and social media, adhering to ethical standards, including confidentiality and informed consent. Data collection involves 60-90 minute online interviews designed using an interview protocol informed by literature reviews and expert consultation. Data is analyzed using Graneheim and Lundman’s (2004) framework for qualitative content analysis to identify themes and patterns in participants' narratives. Preliminary findings are expected to shed light on societal stigma, discriminatory practices, and systemic barriers, while also identifying potential facilitators such as supportive networks and inclusive workplace initiatives. This study aims to contribute to the understanding of employment challenges faced by transwomen in Iran and inform the development of policies and practices that promote workplace inclusion and equity for transgender individuals.