South Korea’s capital has undergone a remarkably fast and unusual transformation since the latter half of the twentieth century. Seoul was forced to redefine itself after a series of traumatic events: from the Japanese occupation (1910–1945) to the devastation of the Korean War (1950–1953) that left the city physically ruined and culturally disoriented. In the 1960s, the city government began reshaping Seoul’s urban identity, replacing traditional neighborhoods with large apartment complexes that still dominate its skyline today. The first major turning point came with the Asian Games in 1986, which pushed the city to modernize its infrastructure, enhance public safety, and rethink its overall organization. The 1988 Olympics and the 2002 World Cup then propelled Seoul onto the global stage and solidified its status as an international metropolis. In the early 2000s, three successive mayoral administrations further accelerated Seoul’s global repositioning, promoting ambitious development projects and city-branding campaigns aimed at attracting investors and tourists. The rise of South Korea’s music, film, and entertainment industries — now influential worldwide — also played a crucial role, helping the city cultivate new forms of communication and global cultural reach. Yet, despite this rapid modernization, Seoul continues to live with several internal contradictions and lingering structural tensions, reminding us that even the most dynamic cities carry traces of unresolved histories and uneven progress.
La capitale della Corea del Sud ha vissuto un’evoluzione rapida e inusuale a partire dalla seconda metà del Novecento. Seoul, infatti, ha dovuto reinventarsi dopo una serie di eventi storici che portarono alla sua distruzione e alla perdita della propria identità nazionale, come l’occupazione giapponese (1910-1945) e la guerra di Corea (1950-1953). A partire dagli anni Sessanta, il governo cittadino ha trasformato il paesaggio urbano costruendo grandi complessi residenziali che ancora oggi caratterizzano l’aspetto della città. I mega-eventi organizzati sin dal 1986, come i Giochi Asiatici, hanno richiesto un ripensamento profondo delle infrastrutture, della sicurezza e dell’organizzazione urbana. Successivamente, le Olimpiadi del 1988 e la Coppa del Mondo del 2002 hanno consolidato la presenza di Seoul sul palcoscenico globale. Dai primi anni Duemila, poi, l’amministrazione di tre diversi sindaci ha contribuito a rilanciare la capitale a livello internazionale, rendendola più attrattiva per investimenti e turismo anche attraverso campagne di comunicazione e strategie di city branding. Determinante è stato inoltre il ruolo dell’industria musicale, cinematografica e dell’intrattenimento, che ha conquistato milioni di giovani e adulti nel mondo, spingendo la città a sviluppare nuovi mezzi e linguaggi comunicativi. Nonostante questa rapida modernizzazione, Seoul conserva tuttavia una serie di contraddizioni e meccanismi problematici intrinseci alla sua struttura sociale e urbana, mettendo in luce come il progresso possa convivere con tensioni irrisolte e aspetti meno armonici della vita metropolitana.
Shaping the image of Seoul: strategic development, cultural branding and the contradictions of a global megacity
LONGO, MARTINA CHIARA
2024/2025
Abstract
South Korea’s capital has undergone a remarkably fast and unusual transformation since the latter half of the twentieth century. Seoul was forced to redefine itself after a series of traumatic events: from the Japanese occupation (1910–1945) to the devastation of the Korean War (1950–1953) that left the city physically ruined and culturally disoriented. In the 1960s, the city government began reshaping Seoul’s urban identity, replacing traditional neighborhoods with large apartment complexes that still dominate its skyline today. The first major turning point came with the Asian Games in 1986, which pushed the city to modernize its infrastructure, enhance public safety, and rethink its overall organization. The 1988 Olympics and the 2002 World Cup then propelled Seoul onto the global stage and solidified its status as an international metropolis. In the early 2000s, three successive mayoral administrations further accelerated Seoul’s global repositioning, promoting ambitious development projects and city-branding campaigns aimed at attracting investors and tourists. The rise of South Korea’s music, film, and entertainment industries — now influential worldwide — also played a crucial role, helping the city cultivate new forms of communication and global cultural reach. Yet, despite this rapid modernization, Seoul continues to live with several internal contradictions and lingering structural tensions, reminding us that even the most dynamic cities carry traces of unresolved histories and uneven progress.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/101940