This work analyzes the evolution of the mafia phenomenon in Italy from a historical-legal perspective, with particular attention to the Sicilian “Cosa Nostra” and the ways in which the Italian state has attempted to recognize and combat it. The period under consideration spans from the Unification of Italy (1861) to the entry into force of the Republican Constitution (1948), occasionally including subsequent legislative measures and judicial proceedings. The first chapter reconstructs the origins of the mafia and the initial difficulties faced by the liberal state in defining and suppressing it, analyzing legal sources, parliamentary reports, and early police operations. The second chapter focuses on the Giolittian era, highlighting the mafia’s expansion within the political and electoral context and its role in Sicily’s social dynamics, with particular attention to the phenomenon of the Sicilian Fasci. The third chapter examines the Fascist period and the immediate post-war years, with special reference to Cesare Mori’s repressive campaign and the mafia’s ability to reorganize quickly, taking advantage of post-war chaos. The fourth chapter analyzes the Republican reconstruction, marking the mafia’s expansion into urban and economic spheres, critical events such as the Ciaculli massacre, and the first legislative and judicial anti-mafia initiatives, which laid the foundations for the contemporary legal system. Overall, the analysis shows how the delayed legal understanding of the phenomenon influenced the state’s ability to combat it effectively, highlighting the historical roots that led to the development of a legal framework aware of the specific nature of mafia organizations.
Il presente lavoro analizza l’evoluzione del fenomeno mafioso in Italia da un punto di vista storico-giuridico, con particolare attenzione alla “Cosa Nostra” siciliana e alle modalità con cui lo Stato italiano ha cercato di riconoscerla e contrastarla. Il periodo considerato va dall’Unità d’Italia (1861) fino all’entrata in vigore della Costituzione repubblicana (1948), includendo talvolta interventi normativi e procedimenti giudiziari immediatamente successivi. Il primo capitolo ricostruisce le origini della mafia e le difficoltà iniziali dello Stato liberale nel definirla e reprimerla, analizzando fonti normative, relazioni parlamentari e prime operazioni di polizia. Il secondo capitolo si concentra sull’epoca giolittiana, evidenziando l’espansione della mafia nel contesto politico ed elettorale e il suo ruolo nelle dinamiche sociali della Sicilia, con particolare attenzione per il fenomeno dei Fasci siciliani. Il terzo capitolo esamina il periodo fascista e il dopoguerra, con particolare riferimento alla campagna repressiva di Cesare Mori e alla capacità della mafia di riorganizzarsi rapidamente, sfruttando il caos del dopoguerra. Il quarto capitolo analizza la ricostruzione repubblicana, segnando l’espansione mafiosa in ambito urbano ed economico, gli eventi critici come la strage di Ciaculli e le prime iniziative legislative e giudiziarie antimafia, che costituiscono le basi del sistema normativo contemporaneo. L’analisi complessiva mostra come il ritardo nella piena comprensione giuridica del fenomeno abbia influenzato la capacità dello Stato di contrastarlo efficacemente, evidenziando le radici storiche che hanno portato alla costruzione di un sistema giuridico consapevole della specificità dell’organizzazione mafiosa.
Il legislatore italiano alle prese con il fenomeno mafioso: dall'Unità d'Italia alla Costituzione repubblicana
BALDASSARRE, ENRICO GIUSEPPE
2024/2025
Abstract
This work analyzes the evolution of the mafia phenomenon in Italy from a historical-legal perspective, with particular attention to the Sicilian “Cosa Nostra” and the ways in which the Italian state has attempted to recognize and combat it. The period under consideration spans from the Unification of Italy (1861) to the entry into force of the Republican Constitution (1948), occasionally including subsequent legislative measures and judicial proceedings. The first chapter reconstructs the origins of the mafia and the initial difficulties faced by the liberal state in defining and suppressing it, analyzing legal sources, parliamentary reports, and early police operations. The second chapter focuses on the Giolittian era, highlighting the mafia’s expansion within the political and electoral context and its role in Sicily’s social dynamics, with particular attention to the phenomenon of the Sicilian Fasci. The third chapter examines the Fascist period and the immediate post-war years, with special reference to Cesare Mori’s repressive campaign and the mafia’s ability to reorganize quickly, taking advantage of post-war chaos. The fourth chapter analyzes the Republican reconstruction, marking the mafia’s expansion into urban and economic spheres, critical events such as the Ciaculli massacre, and the first legislative and judicial anti-mafia initiatives, which laid the foundations for the contemporary legal system. Overall, the analysis shows how the delayed legal understanding of the phenomenon influenced the state’s ability to combat it effectively, highlighting the historical roots that led to the development of a legal framework aware of the specific nature of mafia organizations.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/102223