BACKGROUND. Depression is one of the most common and clinically significant psychological comorbidities in cancer patients. It not only hinders adherence to therapeutic protocols and the management of physical symptoms, but also impairs the subjective perception of well-being, reducing individual resilience and increasing the emotional burden associated with the disease. The relationships among depression, lifestyle, and family support are complex and multifactorial, requiring an integrated analysis that considers psychological, behavioral, and socio-relational determinants. OBJECTIVE. This study aims to conduct a narrative review of the literature in order to explore the interactions between depression, lifestyle, and the family context in cancer patients, with particular attention to the role of nursing care as a key resource in the comprehensive management of the patient. METHODS. A literature search was carried out focusing on scientific studies published since 2014, selected according to relevance criteria concerning psychological, behavioral, and relational factors associated with depression in oncology. The review includes studies analyzing the impact of depression on eating habits, physical activity, and sleep quality, as well as research examining the role of family support and educational and supportive interventions within nursing practice. RESULTS. The analysis of the reviewed studies highlights that depression negatively affects various aspects of lifestyle, leading to eating disturbances, reduced physical activity, and sleep disorders. At the same time, family support emerges as an important protective factor, capable of alleviating depressive symptoms and facilitating adaptation processes. Within this context, the nursing role is crucial in the early assessment of symptoms, the promotion of preventive strategies, and the management of psychological distress through personalized, multidimensional interventions that actively involve caregivers. CONCLUSIONS. The systematic integration of psychological, behavioral, and relational aspects into oncological care represents an essential condition for improving clinical outcomes and patients’ quality of life. The holistic approach, supported by nursing action, enhances individual and family resources, providing a decisive contribution to the comprehensive care of cancer patients.
BACKROUND. La depressione costituisce una delle comorbidità psicologiche più comuni e clinicamente rilevanti nei pazienti oncologici. Essa non solo ostacola l’aderenza ai protocolli terapeutici e la gestione dei sintomi fisici, ma compromette anche la percezione soggettiva di benessere, riducendo la resilienza individuale e aggravando il carico emotivo associato alla malattia. Le relazioni tra depressione, stili di vita e supporto familiare sono complesse e multifattoriali, richiedendo un’analisi integrata che tenga conto dei determinanti psicologici, comportamentali e socio-relazionali. OBIETTIVO. Il presente studio si propone di condurre una revisione narrativa della letteratura al fine di approfondire le interazioni tra depressione, stili di vita e contesto familiare in pazienti oncologici, con un’attenzione specifica al ruolo dell’assistenza infermieristica come risorsa fondamentale per la gestione globale del paziente. METODI. È stata effettuata una ricerca bibliografica privilegiando studi scientifici pubblicati a partire dal 2014, selezionati in base a criteri di pertinenza riguardanti i fattori psicologici, comportamentali e relazionali associati alla depressione in oncologia. Sono stati inclusi lavori che analizzano l’impatto della depressione sulle abitudini alimentari, sull’attività fisica e sulla qualità del sonno, nonché studi che esaminano il ruolo del supporto familiare e degli interventi educativi e di sostegno propri della pratica infermieristica. RISULTATI. L’analisi dei contributi emersi evidenzia come la depressione influisca negativamente su vari aspetti dello stile di vita, favorendo alterazioni alimentari, riduzione dell’attività motoria e disturbi del sonno. Parallelamente, il sostegno familiare si configura come un importante fattore protettivo, in grado di attenuare la sintomatologia depressiva e facilitare i processi di adattamento. In questo contesto, la figura infermieristica assume un ruolo cruciale nella valutazione precoce dei sintomi, nella promozione di strategie di prevenzione e nella gestione della sofferenza psichica attraverso interventi personalizzati, multidimensionali e orientati al coinvolgimento attivo dei caregiver. CONCLUSIONI. L’integrazione sistematica degli aspetti psicologici, comportamentali e relazionali all’interno dell’assistenza oncologica rappresenta una condizione essenziale per migliorare gli esiti clinici e la qualità della vita dei pazienti. L’approccio olistico, sostenuto dall’azione infermieristica, consente di valorizzare le risorse individuali e familiari, offrendo un contributo determinante alla presa in carico globale del paziente oncologico.
Ruolo dello stile di vita e del contesto familiare nella depressione del paziente oncologico: prospettive e interventi infermieristici basati sulla revisione della letteratura.
DE PAOLI, ALESSANDRO
2024/2025
Abstract
BACKGROUND. Depression is one of the most common and clinically significant psychological comorbidities in cancer patients. It not only hinders adherence to therapeutic protocols and the management of physical symptoms, but also impairs the subjective perception of well-being, reducing individual resilience and increasing the emotional burden associated with the disease. The relationships among depression, lifestyle, and family support are complex and multifactorial, requiring an integrated analysis that considers psychological, behavioral, and socio-relational determinants. OBJECTIVE. This study aims to conduct a narrative review of the literature in order to explore the interactions between depression, lifestyle, and the family context in cancer patients, with particular attention to the role of nursing care as a key resource in the comprehensive management of the patient. METHODS. A literature search was carried out focusing on scientific studies published since 2014, selected according to relevance criteria concerning psychological, behavioral, and relational factors associated with depression in oncology. The review includes studies analyzing the impact of depression on eating habits, physical activity, and sleep quality, as well as research examining the role of family support and educational and supportive interventions within nursing practice. RESULTS. The analysis of the reviewed studies highlights that depression negatively affects various aspects of lifestyle, leading to eating disturbances, reduced physical activity, and sleep disorders. At the same time, family support emerges as an important protective factor, capable of alleviating depressive symptoms and facilitating adaptation processes. Within this context, the nursing role is crucial in the early assessment of symptoms, the promotion of preventive strategies, and the management of psychological distress through personalized, multidimensional interventions that actively involve caregivers. CONCLUSIONS. The systematic integration of psychological, behavioral, and relational aspects into oncological care represents an essential condition for improving clinical outcomes and patients’ quality of life. The holistic approach, supported by nursing action, enhances individual and family resources, providing a decisive contribution to the comprehensive care of cancer patients.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/102368