The paper focuses on the analysis of the main therapeutic approaches—either approved or under investigation—for the symptomatic treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. The latter is a severe neuromuscular disease with a rapid and progressive course, characterized by muscle degeneration and fibrosis, ultimately leading to premature death due to respiratory and cardiac complications. The list of therapeutic strategies examined includes corticosteroid therapy (the current standard treatment), exon-skipping therapy, gene therapy based on the administration of vectors containing micro-dystrophin, treatment with Givinostat (a histone deacetylase inhibitor approved by the FDA and EMA in 2024), and finally the potential use of innovative and promising drugs. These latter agents are considered and investigated on the basis of the encouraging results achieved during experimental studies. Specifically, a new and interesting class of drugs—consisting of vamorolone (VBP15) and its analogues—was selected and examined in greater depth, along with the controversial case of Ataluren (a readthrough agent recently withdrawn in Italy after its initial approval in 2014).
L'elaborato verte sull'analisi dei principali approcci terapeutici, approvati o in fase di studio, per il trattamento sintomatico della distrofia muscolare di Duchenne. Quest'ultima è una patologia neuromuscolare grave, a decorso rapido e progressivo, che comporta degenerazione muscolare e fibrosi conducendo ad una prematura morte dovuta a complicazioni respiratorie e cardiache. L'elenco delle strategie terapeutiche analizzate include la terapia con corticosteroidi (l'attuale terapia standard), la terapia del salto dell'esone, la terapia genica basata sulla somministrazione di vettori contenenti micro-distrofina, il trattamento con Givinostat (inibitore degli enzimi istone deacetilasi, approvato da FDA ed EMA nel 2024) e infine il possibile trattamento con farmaci innovativi e promettenti. Quest'ultimi sono farmaci presi in considerazione ed indagati sulla base degli incoraggianti risultati ottenuti in fase di sperimentazione. Nello specifico, si è deciso di selezionare ed approfondire una nuova ed interessante classe di farmaci composta dal vamorolone (VBP15) e i suoi analoghi e il controverso caso di Ataluren (un agente readthrough recentemente revocato in italia, dopo l'iniziale approvazione ottenuta nel 2014).
Strategie terapeutiche attuali e innovative per il trattamento sintomatico della distrofia muscolare di Duchenne
DISARÒ, MATTEO
2024/2025
Abstract
The paper focuses on the analysis of the main therapeutic approaches—either approved or under investigation—for the symptomatic treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. The latter is a severe neuromuscular disease with a rapid and progressive course, characterized by muscle degeneration and fibrosis, ultimately leading to premature death due to respiratory and cardiac complications. The list of therapeutic strategies examined includes corticosteroid therapy (the current standard treatment), exon-skipping therapy, gene therapy based on the administration of vectors containing micro-dystrophin, treatment with Givinostat (a histone deacetylase inhibitor approved by the FDA and EMA in 2024), and finally the potential use of innovative and promising drugs. These latter agents are considered and investigated on the basis of the encouraging results achieved during experimental studies. Specifically, a new and interesting class of drugs—consisting of vamorolone (VBP15) and its analogues—was selected and examined in greater depth, along with the controversial case of Ataluren (a readthrough agent recently withdrawn in Italy after its initial approval in 2014).| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/102417