Electrocardiography (ECG) is currently the most widely used investigative tool for diagnosing cardiac conduction abnormalities. Recent research on the ECG's "sister" technique, magnetocardiography (MCG), appears very promising. Instead of analyzing the potential differences across electrodes applied to the patient's body surface, the MCG technique directly analyzes the magnetic field produced by the heart. This paper first outlines the basic theories of cardiac physiology and bioelectricity, including the theoretical foundations of bioelectromagnetism used by ECG and MCG. It then discusses the functioning of each technology, analyzing their advantages and limitations. Subsequently, the new perspectives offered by ECG will be presented, exploring the scientific discoveries of recent years, with particular attention to the application of quantum diamond sensors. The application of these sensors, in fact, appears promising as they could reduce the cost and size of the technology, even making it portable and widely used in clinical settings. In the future, the complementary use of ECG and MCG could therefore increase the early diagnosis of heart disease, thus reducing the rate of deaths from this cause and simultaneously reducing healthcare costs.
L’elettrocardiografia (ECG) rappresenta ad oggi lo strumento di indagine più utilizzato per diagnosticare anomalie nella conduzione del tessuto cardiaco. Recenti ricerche, aventi in oggetto la tecnica “sorella” dell’ECG ovvero sia la magnetocardiografia (MCG), appaiono molto promettenti sul tema. La tecnica MCG, infatti, anziché analizzare le differenze di potenziale ai capi di elettrodi applicati sulla superficie corporea del paziente, prevede di analizzare direttamente il campo magnetico prodotto dalla sorgente cuore. L’elaborato in questione si propone di esporre dapprima le teorie di base di fisiologia e bioelettricità cardiaca, includendo i fondamenti teorici di bioelettromagnetismo che vengono sfruttati da ECG e MCG, per passare quindi all’esposizione del funzionamento delle singole tecnologie, analizzandone vantaggi e limiti. Successivamente, verranno presentate le nuove prospettive offerte dall’MCG esplorando le scoperte scientifiche degli ultimi anni, con particolare attenzione all’applicazione di sensori quantistici al diamante. L’applicazione di questi sensori, infatti, risulta essere promettente dal momento che gli stessi sarebbero in grado di ridurre i costi e l’ingombro della tecnologia, fino a renderla addirittura portatile e di uso clinico comune. In un futuro l’uso complementare di ECG e MCG potrebbe dunque aumentare la precocità di diagnosi di disturbi cardiaci, riducendo così la percentuale di decessi per tale causa ed abbattendo al contempo i costi sanitari.
Elettrocardiografia e magnetocardiografia
REATO, GIOVANNA
2025/2026
Abstract
Electrocardiography (ECG) is currently the most widely used investigative tool for diagnosing cardiac conduction abnormalities. Recent research on the ECG's "sister" technique, magnetocardiography (MCG), appears very promising. Instead of analyzing the potential differences across electrodes applied to the patient's body surface, the MCG technique directly analyzes the magnetic field produced by the heart. This paper first outlines the basic theories of cardiac physiology and bioelectricity, including the theoretical foundations of bioelectromagnetism used by ECG and MCG. It then discusses the functioning of each technology, analyzing their advantages and limitations. Subsequently, the new perspectives offered by ECG will be presented, exploring the scientific discoveries of recent years, with particular attention to the application of quantum diamond sensors. The application of these sensors, in fact, appears promising as they could reduce the cost and size of the technology, even making it portable and widely used in clinical settings. In the future, the complementary use of ECG and MCG could therefore increase the early diagnosis of heart disease, thus reducing the rate of deaths from this cause and simultaneously reducing healthcare costs.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Reato_Giovanna.pdf
Accesso riservato
Dimensione
1.01 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
1.01 MB | Adobe PDF |
The text of this website © Università degli studi di Padova. Full Text are published under a non-exclusive license. Metadata are under a CC0 License
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/104178