Biomechanical analysis of change of direction represents a key element in injury prevention in high-intensity movement-based sports such as rugby. The present study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of an individualized intervention by assessing whether it modifies the athlete's motor strategy and the modulation of joint control through a comparison between preseason and postseason evaluations. A total of 42 athletes from the three Under 18 academies of the Italian Rugby Federation were involved in the study and underwent on-field assessments using a markerless motion capture system integrated with pressure insoles during a ball reception task followed by a reactive change of direction. The processing of video recordings and acquisition data enabled the analysis of the main lower-limb biomechanical variables, including joint angles, joint moments, and ground reaction forces. The comparison among academies revealed differentiated adaptations according to the training loads administered throughout the season, with variations in muscular imbalances between flexor–extensor and abductor–adductor muscle groups, as well as changes in joint control at the hip, knee, and ankle levels. Also, the comparative analysis between the group undergoing additional individualized training and the control group showed that the intervention promoted a reorganization of motor strategy toward a more hip-dominant pattern, reducing knee dominance during the critical phase of the movement. In contrast, the control group did not exhibit substantial modifications in movement strategy, but only minor adaptations contributing to joint load management. Although a direct reduction in injury risk cannot be conclusively established, the findings suggest that an individualized program based on preseason biomechanical assessment may improve movement stability and efficiency, with a potential preventive effect.
L’analisi biomeccanica del cambio di direzione rappresenta un elemento chiave nella prevenzione degli infortuni in sport di movimento ad alta intensità, come il rugby. Il presente studio ha l’obiettivo di valutare l’efficacia del lavoro individualizzato, verificando se questo modifichi la strategia motoria dell’atleta e la modulazione del controllo articolare, attraverso un confronto pre e post stagione sportiva. Sono stati coinvolti 42 atleti appartenenti alle tre accademie Under 18 della Federazione Italiana Rugby, sottoposti a valutazioni in preseason e postseason mediante l’analisi on field con sistema markerless e l’utilizzo di solette di pressione durante un task di ricezione al volo del pallone con successivo cambio di direzione. L’elaborazione dei video e dei dati delle acquisizioni ha consentito l’analisi delle principali variabili biomeccaniche relative agli arti inferiori, in termini di momenti e angoli articolari e forze di reazione al suolo. Il confronto tra le accademie ha evidenziato differenti adattamenti in funzione dei carichi di allenamento svolti nel corso della stagione, con variazioni nei disequilibri muscolari tra flesso-estensori e abd-adduttori e modifiche nel controllo articolare a livello delle tre articolazioni analizzate: anca, ginocchio e caviglia. L’analisi comparativa tra gruppo con lavoro extra e gruppo di controllo ha mostrato come il lavoro individualizzato abbia favorito una riorganizzazione della strategia motoria verso un movimento anca-dominante, riducendo la dominanza precedente del ginocchio nella fase critica del gesto. Il gruppo di controllo invece non ha mostrato modifiche sostanziali ma lievi adattamenti, che hanno contribuito alla gestione dei carichi articolari. Non potendo affermare direttamente una evidente riduzione del rischio di infortunio, i risultati suggeriscono che il lavoro individualizzato basato sui risultati delle analisi in preseason possa migliorare la stabilità e l’efficienza del gesto atletico, con potenziale effetto preventivo.
Analisi biomeccanica del cambio di direzione per la prevenzione degli infortuni nel rugby: efficacia del lavoro individualizzato tramite confronto pre e post stagione in atleti delle accademie FIR
SCATTOLIN, GABRIELE
2025/2026
Abstract
Biomechanical analysis of change of direction represents a key element in injury prevention in high-intensity movement-based sports such as rugby. The present study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of an individualized intervention by assessing whether it modifies the athlete's motor strategy and the modulation of joint control through a comparison between preseason and postseason evaluations. A total of 42 athletes from the three Under 18 academies of the Italian Rugby Federation were involved in the study and underwent on-field assessments using a markerless motion capture system integrated with pressure insoles during a ball reception task followed by a reactive change of direction. The processing of video recordings and acquisition data enabled the analysis of the main lower-limb biomechanical variables, including joint angles, joint moments, and ground reaction forces. The comparison among academies revealed differentiated adaptations according to the training loads administered throughout the season, with variations in muscular imbalances between flexor–extensor and abductor–adductor muscle groups, as well as changes in joint control at the hip, knee, and ankle levels. Also, the comparative analysis between the group undergoing additional individualized training and the control group showed that the intervention promoted a reorganization of motor strategy toward a more hip-dominant pattern, reducing knee dominance during the critical phase of the movement. In contrast, the control group did not exhibit substantial modifications in movement strategy, but only minor adaptations contributing to joint load management. Although a direct reduction in injury risk cannot be conclusively established, the findings suggest that an individualized program based on preseason biomechanical assessment may improve movement stability and efficiency, with a potential preventive effect.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/104179