This thesis examines the issue of extraterritorial jurisdiction with reference to the case law of the European Court of Human Rights. Its aim is to trace the emergence of this legal dimension of international law and to identify the criteria for assessing States’ extraterritorial responsibility in light of the interpretative evolution of Article 1 of the European Convention on Human Rights. The thesis focuses primarily on the judgments Chiragov and Others v. Armenia and Al-Jedda v. the United Kingdom, which are considered emblematic cases for defining the scope of the Convention’s application beyond national territory. Through a comparative analysis of these decisions, together with other equally significant landmark cases, the thesis reconstructs the main criteria developed by the Court, such as effective territorial control, authority and control exercised over individuals, and the nature of State operations abroad. The study highlights how the Court’s approach tends to prioritise the protection of fundamental rights, even in the presence of complex geopolitical and military contexts. The research concludes with some reflections on the complexity and fragmented nature of this subject matter, as well as on the future prospects for the evolution of State responsibility within the European system.
La presente tesi analizza il tema della giurisdizione extraterritoriale con riferimento alla giurisprudenza della Corte Europea dei diritti dell’uomo. L’obiettivo è quello di ripercorrere la nascita di questa sfumatura giuridica del diritto internazionale e individuare i criteri di valutazione della responsabilità extraterritoriale degli Stati alla luce dell’evoluzione interpretativa dell’art. 1 della Convenzione Europea dei diritti dell’uomo. Sul lavoro prende in esame, quale focus principale, le sentenze Chiragov e altri c. Armenia e Al-Jedda c. Regno Unito, considerate come casi emblematici per la definizione dell’ambito applicativo della giurisdizione al di fuori del territorio nazionale. Attraverso l’analisi comparata delle due pronunce e di altri casi storici altrettanto rilevanti la tesi ricostruisce i principali criteri elaborati dalla Corte , quali il controllo effettivo territoriale, l’autorità e il controllo esercitati sugli individui e la natura delle operazioni statali all’estero. Lo studio evidenza come l’approccio della Corte tende a privilegiare una tutela dei diritti fondamentali, pur in presenza di contesti geopolitici e militari complessi. La ricerca si conclude con alcune considerazioni riguardante la complessità e il carattere frammentato della presente tematica e sulle prospettive future di evoluzione della responsabilità statale nel sistema europeo.
La giurisdizione extraterritoriale nella giurisprudenza della Corte Europea dei diritti dell'uomo:un confronto tra i casi Chiragov e Al-Jedda
CAROLLO, BEATRICE
2025/2026
Abstract
This thesis examines the issue of extraterritorial jurisdiction with reference to the case law of the European Court of Human Rights. Its aim is to trace the emergence of this legal dimension of international law and to identify the criteria for assessing States’ extraterritorial responsibility in light of the interpretative evolution of Article 1 of the European Convention on Human Rights. The thesis focuses primarily on the judgments Chiragov and Others v. Armenia and Al-Jedda v. the United Kingdom, which are considered emblematic cases for defining the scope of the Convention’s application beyond national territory. Through a comparative analysis of these decisions, together with other equally significant landmark cases, the thesis reconstructs the main criteria developed by the Court, such as effective territorial control, authority and control exercised over individuals, and the nature of State operations abroad. The study highlights how the Court’s approach tends to prioritise the protection of fundamental rights, even in the presence of complex geopolitical and military contexts. The research concludes with some reflections on the complexity and fragmented nature of this subject matter, as well as on the future prospects for the evolution of State responsibility within the European system.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/104608