This thesis focuses on the challenges young people face in their transitions to adulthood, with particular reference to employment and the phenomenon of young people in a NEET situation, that is, not engaged in education, training, work, or activation pathways. The first chapter outlines the complex trajectories that young people follow in the contemporary context, which are non-linear and marked by discontinuous outcomes and various forms of vulnerability. The phenomenon is contextualized within the current socioeconomic situation through analyses conducted by major statistical and monitoring institutions. The second chapter, drawing on national and international literature, describes the multiple dimensions of the NEET phenomenon, encompassing individual, structural, and cultural factors. It also presents data and rates of young NEETs in relation to the overall youth population, which increased during the Covid-19 pandemic. Services have therefore been called upon to respond to the emerging difficulties experienced by young people. Accordingly, the third chapter describes the policies, services, and programs of recent years aimed at young NEETs and introduces the emerging role of co-design as a tool for coordination and for building integrated responses to youth needs. In light of the theoretical and policy framework outlined, the final chapter offers a theoretical-applied interpretation of the experience of a specific project, “My W.A.Y.”, targeted at young people in NEET situation and implemented within an area of the province of Brescia. The project is considered as an example of a local intervention practice, useful for discussing several key issues emerging from the literature, highlighting consistencies and tensions, without the aim of evaluating its effectiveness. Its implementation, which I was able to observe during my curricular internship, inspired the topic of this thesis.
La tesi è dedicata al tema delle difficoltà giovanili nelle transizioni all’età adulta, con particolare riferimento al lavoro e al fenomeno dei giovani in situazione NEET, ovvero non inseriti in percorsi di istruzione, formazione, lavoro o attivazione. Nel primo capitolo, si delineano le complesse traiettorie che i giovani percorrono nel panorama contemporaneo, non lineari e caratterizzate da esiti discontinui e da fragilità. Il fenomeno è contestualizzato all’interno della situazione socioeconomica attuale, attraverso le analisi dei principali istituti di osservazione (Istat, Eurostat, MLPS). Nel secondo capitolo, attraverso la letteratura nazionale e internazionale, sono delineate le dimensioni del fenomeno NEET, che coinvolgono questioni di livello individuale, strutturale e culturale. Si riportano anche i dati e tassi di giovani NEET rispetto alla popolazione, che sono cresciuti durante il periodo della pandemia da Covid-19. I servizi sono stati pertanto chiamati a rispondere alle nuove difficoltà della popolazione giovanile: perciò, nel terzo capitolo, si descrivono le politiche, i servizi e i programmi degli ultimi anni dedicati ai giovani NEET e si presenta il ruolo emergente della co-progettazione, come strumento di coordinamento e di costruzione di risposte integrate ai bisogni giovanili. Alla luce del quadro teorico e di policy delineato, l’ultimo capitolo propone una lettura teorico-applicativa dell’esperienza di un progetto specifico, “My W.A.Y.”, rivolto ai giovani in situazione NEET, attuato in un'area della provincia di Brescia. Esso viene assunto come esempio di pratica territoriale di intervento, utile a discutere alcune questioni centrali emerse dalla letteratura, evidenziandone coerenze e tensioni, senza finalità di valutazione dell’efficacia. La sua implementazione, che ho potuto osservare durante il tirocinio curricolare, ha ispirato il tema di tesi.
Giovani NEET in Italia. Politiche, servizi e pratiche territoriali nelle transizioni al lavoro e alla vita adulta
TOMASONI, CHIARA
2025/2026
Abstract
This thesis focuses on the challenges young people face in their transitions to adulthood, with particular reference to employment and the phenomenon of young people in a NEET situation, that is, not engaged in education, training, work, or activation pathways. The first chapter outlines the complex trajectories that young people follow in the contemporary context, which are non-linear and marked by discontinuous outcomes and various forms of vulnerability. The phenomenon is contextualized within the current socioeconomic situation through analyses conducted by major statistical and monitoring institutions. The second chapter, drawing on national and international literature, describes the multiple dimensions of the NEET phenomenon, encompassing individual, structural, and cultural factors. It also presents data and rates of young NEETs in relation to the overall youth population, which increased during the Covid-19 pandemic. Services have therefore been called upon to respond to the emerging difficulties experienced by young people. Accordingly, the third chapter describes the policies, services, and programs of recent years aimed at young NEETs and introduces the emerging role of co-design as a tool for coordination and for building integrated responses to youth needs. In light of the theoretical and policy framework outlined, the final chapter offers a theoretical-applied interpretation of the experience of a specific project, “My W.A.Y.”, targeted at young people in NEET situation and implemented within an area of the province of Brescia. The project is considered as an example of a local intervention practice, useful for discussing several key issues emerging from the literature, highlighting consistencies and tensions, without the aim of evaluating its effectiveness. Its implementation, which I was able to observe during my curricular internship, inspired the topic of this thesis.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/104688