This thesis analyzes the Kremlin's strategy of "statization of memory," investigating the processes through which the Russian Federation transformed the narrative of World War II into a fundamental pillar of national security and the legitimization of political power. The research focuses on the continuity of propaganda techniques, tracing an evolutionary arc that connects the Stalinist era to the contemporary leadership of Putin and Medvedev. The genesis of Soviet defensive victimhood is examined through the analysis of the 1948 pamphlet Falsifiers of History, all accompanied by a historical context that highlights the geopolitical roots of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact and the subsequent "archival revolution" following 1989, which briefly questioned the regime's founding myths before the neo-imperial narrative restoration. Recent legal and historiographical controversies are examined, such as the criminalization of historical "forgeries" and the rehabilitation of the Katyn massacre, to demonstrate how the Kremlin today uses the memory of the conflict not only as a tool for internal cohesion, but also as a justification for an assertive foreign policy and for defending Russia's sphere of influence against Western influences.
Questa tesi analizza la strategia di "statalizzazione della memoria" promossa dal Cremlino, indagando i processi attraverso cui la Federazione Russa ha trasformato la narrazione della Seconda Guerra Mondiale in un pilastro fondamentale della sicurezza nazionale e della legittimazione del potere politico. La ricerca si focalizza sulla continuità delle tecniche di propaganda, tracciando un arco evolutivo che congiunge l'epoca staliniana alla leadership contemporanea di Putin e Medvedev. Attraverso l'analisi del pamphlet Falsificatori della Storia del 1948, viene esaminata la genesi del vittimismo difensivo sovietico, il tutto accompagnato da un contesto storico che evidenzia le radici geopolitiche del Patto Molotov-Ribbentrop e la successiva "rivoluzione archivistica" seguita al 1989, la quale ha brevemente messo in discussione i miti fondativi del regime prima della restaurazione narrativa neo-imperiale. Vengono esaminate anche delle recenti controversie legali e storiografiche, come la criminalizzazione delle "falsificazioni" storiche e la riabilitazione del massacro di Katyn, per dimostrare come il Cremlino utilizzi oggi la memoria del conflitto non solo come strumento di coesione interna, ma anche come giustificazione per una politica estera assertiva e per la difesa della sfera d'influenza russa contro le influenze occidentali.
Falsifying History: The Kremlin’s Narrative on the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact
GOTTARDO, TOMMASO
2025/2026
Abstract
This thesis analyzes the Kremlin's strategy of "statization of memory," investigating the processes through which the Russian Federation transformed the narrative of World War II into a fundamental pillar of national security and the legitimization of political power. The research focuses on the continuity of propaganda techniques, tracing an evolutionary arc that connects the Stalinist era to the contemporary leadership of Putin and Medvedev. The genesis of Soviet defensive victimhood is examined through the analysis of the 1948 pamphlet Falsifiers of History, all accompanied by a historical context that highlights the geopolitical roots of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact and the subsequent "archival revolution" following 1989, which briefly questioned the regime's founding myths before the neo-imperial narrative restoration. Recent legal and historiographical controversies are examined, such as the criminalization of historical "forgeries" and the rehabilitation of the Katyn massacre, to demonstrate how the Kremlin today uses the memory of the conflict not only as a tool for internal cohesion, but also as a justification for an assertive foreign policy and for defending Russia's sphere of influence against Western influences.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/104856