This thesis analyzes the evolution of hybrid power units used in Formula 1 from 2014 to 2025, a period in which the category introduced highly efficient V6 turbo-hybrid propulsion systems based on energy recovery and fuel economy. The aim of the work is to describe the architecture of the power units, explore the role of individual components (ICE, turbocharger, MGU-K, MGU-H, and Energy Store), and analyze the impact of regulatory changes on performance, reliability, and efficiency. Through an analysis of FIA regulations, technical literature, and contributions from the world of motorsport, the work shows how the thermal efficiency of engines has grown to over 50%, highlighting design differences between the main manufacturers and energy strategies adopted in races. The thesis concludes with a reflection on future prospects, anticipating the changes envisaged by the 2026 regulations and the technological implications for the automotive industry.
La tesi analizza l’evoluzione delle Power Unit ibride utilizzate in Formula 1 dal 2014 al 2025, periodo in cui la categoria ha introdotto sistemi propulsivi V6 turbo-ibridi ad alta efficienza, basati sul recupero energetico e sulla riduzione dei consumi. L’obiettivo del lavoro è descrivere l’architettura delle Power Unit, approfondire il ruolo delle singole componenti (ICE, turbocompressore, MGU-K, MGU-H ed Energy Store) e analizzare l’impatto delle modifiche regolamentari su prestazioni, affidabilità ed efficienza. Attraverso l’analisi dei regolamenti FIA, della letteratura tecnica e di contributi provenienti dal mondo del motorsport, il lavoro mostra come l’efficienza termica dei propulsori sia cresciuta fino a superare il 50%, evidenziando differenze progettuali tra i principali costruttori e strategie energetiche adottate in gara. La tesi si conclude con una riflessione sulle prospettive future, anticipando i cambiamenti previsti dal regolamento del 2026 e le implicazioni tecnologiche per l’industria automobilistica
Power Unit Ibride di Formula 1, regolamento FIA dal 2014 ad oggi
ANTONELLO, ELIA
2025/2026
Abstract
This thesis analyzes the evolution of hybrid power units used in Formula 1 from 2014 to 2025, a period in which the category introduced highly efficient V6 turbo-hybrid propulsion systems based on energy recovery and fuel economy. The aim of the work is to describe the architecture of the power units, explore the role of individual components (ICE, turbocharger, MGU-K, MGU-H, and Energy Store), and analyze the impact of regulatory changes on performance, reliability, and efficiency. Through an analysis of FIA regulations, technical literature, and contributions from the world of motorsport, the work shows how the thermal efficiency of engines has grown to over 50%, highlighting design differences between the main manufacturers and energy strategies adopted in races. The thesis concludes with a reflection on future prospects, anticipating the changes envisaged by the 2026 regulations and the technological implications for the automotive industry.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/104918