This report examines the role of mini-hydroelectric power in the Italian energy landscape, focusing specifically on its balancing function in an electricity system characterized by the growing penetration of intermittent renewable sources. In this scenario, this technology takes on crucial importance due to its ability to leverage existing water resources while minimizing environmental impact and territorial transformation. Particular attention is paid to the state of existing hydroelectric plants, many of which are characterized by advanced structural and technological age. This condition prioritizes the development of structured methodologies aimed at modernizing and upgrading existing plants, aiming to increase operational efficiency, reliability, and long-term economic sustainability. This process, called revamping, is understood here not only as a functional restoration, but as a multisectoral intervention that coordinates technical analyses, economic assessments, and regulatory and environmental compliance to restore and improve a plant's performance. The objective of this report is therefore to define and validate a methodological procedure for the design and implementation of revamping interventions for mini-hydroelectric plants. The proposed methodology was validated through application to a real-world case study: the revamping project of a decommissioned hydroelectric power plant. The objective is to verify the operational effectiveness of the approach and critically highlight the technical and economic issues and, in particular, the administrative barriers that emerged during the project development phases. The application of the proposed methodology to the Polveriera power plant case study, Treviso, allowed us to estimate an annual production capacity of 892,000 kWh/year, with an installable capacity of 148.67 kW and a plant efficiency of 75%. The financial analysis shows a payback period of approximately seven years, confirming that revamping interventions represent an effective strategy for the valorization of mini-hydroelectric plants that have suffered a decline in performance over the years. This outcome confirms revamping as a financially competitive investment: reusing existing infrastructure lowers costs, shifting the economic focus to electromechanical efficiency and the automation of control systems.
La presente relazione esamina il ruolo del mini idroelettrico nel panorama energetico italiano, con particolare attenzione alla sua funzione di bilanciamento in un sistema elettrico caratterizzato dalla crescente penetrazione di fonti rinnovabili intermittenti. In tale scenario, questa tecnologia assume un’importanza decisiva grazie alla capacità di valorizzare le risorse idriche esistenti minimizzando l’impatto ambientale e le trasformazioni territoriali. Particolare attenzione viene posta allo stato degli impianti idroelettrici esistenti, molti dei quali risultano caratterizzati da un’età strutturale e tecnologica avanzata. Questa condizione rende prioritario lo sviluppo di metodologie strutturate volte all’ammodernamento e alla riqualificazione degli impianti esistenti, al fine di incrementare l’efficienza operativa, l’affidabilità e la sostenibilità economica nel lungo periodo. Questo processo, chiamato revamping, viene qui inteso non solo come un ripristino funzionale, ma come un intervento multisettoriale che coordina analisi tecniche, valutazioni economiche e adempimenti normativo-ambientali al fine di ripristinare e migliorare il rendimento di una centrale. L’obiettivo di questa relazione è quindi definire e validare una procedura metodologica per la progettazione e la realizzazione di interventi di revamping di impianti di mini idroelettrico. La metodologia proposta è stata validata attraverso l’applicazione ad un caso di studio reale: il progetto di revamping di una centrale idroelettrica dismessa. L’obiettivo è verificare l’efficacia operativa dell’approccio ed evidenziare criticamente le problematiche tecniche, economiche e, in particolare, le barriere amministrative emerse durante le fasi di sviluppo progettuale. L’applicazione della metodologia proposta al caso di studio della Centrale della Polveriera, Treviso, ha permesso di stimare una producibilità annua pari a 892000 kW/anno a fronte di una potenza installabile pari a 148.67 kW e rendimento d’impianto del 75%. L’analisi finanziaria evidenzia un tempo di ritorno dell’investimento di circa 7 anni, confermando come gli interventi di revamping rappresentino una strategia efficace per la valorizzazione di impianti di mini idroelettrico che hanno subito un decadimento prestazionale negli anni. Tale esito conferma il revamping come investimento finanziariamente competitivo: il riutilizzo delle infrastrutture esistenti abbassa i costi, spostando il baricentro economico sull’efficienza elettromeccanica e l’automazione dei sistemi di controllo.
Il mini idroelettrico in Italia: strumenti per il Revamping di una centrale idroelettrica di piccola taglia
RIZZETTO, SEBASTIANO
2025/2026
Abstract
This report examines the role of mini-hydroelectric power in the Italian energy landscape, focusing specifically on its balancing function in an electricity system characterized by the growing penetration of intermittent renewable sources. In this scenario, this technology takes on crucial importance due to its ability to leverage existing water resources while minimizing environmental impact and territorial transformation. Particular attention is paid to the state of existing hydroelectric plants, many of which are characterized by advanced structural and technological age. This condition prioritizes the development of structured methodologies aimed at modernizing and upgrading existing plants, aiming to increase operational efficiency, reliability, and long-term economic sustainability. This process, called revamping, is understood here not only as a functional restoration, but as a multisectoral intervention that coordinates technical analyses, economic assessments, and regulatory and environmental compliance to restore and improve a plant's performance. The objective of this report is therefore to define and validate a methodological procedure for the design and implementation of revamping interventions for mini-hydroelectric plants. The proposed methodology was validated through application to a real-world case study: the revamping project of a decommissioned hydroelectric power plant. The objective is to verify the operational effectiveness of the approach and critically highlight the technical and economic issues and, in particular, the administrative barriers that emerged during the project development phases. The application of the proposed methodology to the Polveriera power plant case study, Treviso, allowed us to estimate an annual production capacity of 892,000 kWh/year, with an installable capacity of 148.67 kW and a plant efficiency of 75%. The financial analysis shows a payback period of approximately seven years, confirming that revamping interventions represent an effective strategy for the valorization of mini-hydroelectric plants that have suffered a decline in performance over the years. This outcome confirms revamping as a financially competitive investment: reusing existing infrastructure lowers costs, shifting the economic focus to electromechanical efficiency and the automation of control systems.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Presentazione prova finale_Rizzetto Sebastiano.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/104947