This paper examines the construct of work engagement, understood as a positive form of subjective well-being related to the work experience and characterized by vigor, dedication, and absorption. First, the topic of organizational well-being is outlined, with particular attention to the role of emotions at work, the main definitions of work engagement, and its distinction from related constructs. The most widely used measurement instruments in the literature are also presented, including the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale. Next, the paper discusses the Job Demands–Resources (JD-R) theory, highlighting how engagement emerges from the interaction between job resources (e.g., social support) and job demands, and how personal resources (e.g., self-efficacy, optimism, self-esteem) can sustain motivational processes and foster gain spirals over time. Within this framework, more recent developments of the model are also addressed, conceptualizing engagement as a dynamic and fluctuating phenomenon that can be examined through longitudinal and daily-oriented studies. Finally, evidence-based intervention strategies aimed at promoting and maintaining work engagement are presented, including organizational interventions (e.g., autonomy, feedback, social support), leadership practices, and individual processes such as job crafting and the development of personal resources, with the goal of promoting well-being and performance in a sustainable way.
Il presente elaborato approfondisce il costrutto del work engagement, inteso come una forma positiva di benessere soggettivo legata all’esperienza lavorativa e caratterizzata da vigore, dedizione e assorbimento. In primo luogo, viene inquadrato il tema del benessere organizzativo, con particolare attenzione al ruolo delle emozioni nel lavoro, alle principali definizioni di engagement e alla distinzione rispetto a costrutti affini. Vengono inoltre presentati gli strumenti di misurazione più utilizzati in letteratura, tra cui la Utrecht Work Engagement Scale. Successivamente, l’elaborato analizza la teoria Job Demands–Resources (JD-R), evidenziando come l’engagement emerga dall’interazione tra risorse lavorative (es., supporto sociale) e domande lavorative, e come le risorse personali (es., autoefficacia, ottimismo, autostima) possano sostenere i processi motivazionali e favorire spirali di guadagno nel tempo. In questa cornice vengono discussi anche gli sviluppi più recenti del modello, che interpretano l’engagement come un fenomeno dinamico e fluttuante, analizzabile attraverso studi longitudinali e daily-oriented. Infine, vengono presentate strategie di intervento evidence-based volte a promuovere e mantenere il work engagement, includendo interventi organizzativi (es., autonomia, feedback, supporto sociale), pratiche di leadership e processi individuali come il job crafting e lo sviluppo delle risorse personali, con l’obiettivo di promuovere benessere e performance in modo sostenibile.
Favorire il Work Engagement: modelli teorici e strategie di intervento nella prospettiva della teoria delle domande e delle risorse lavorative
GORINI, FEDERICO MICHAEL
2025/2026
Abstract
This paper examines the construct of work engagement, understood as a positive form of subjective well-being related to the work experience and characterized by vigor, dedication, and absorption. First, the topic of organizational well-being is outlined, with particular attention to the role of emotions at work, the main definitions of work engagement, and its distinction from related constructs. The most widely used measurement instruments in the literature are also presented, including the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale. Next, the paper discusses the Job Demands–Resources (JD-R) theory, highlighting how engagement emerges from the interaction between job resources (e.g., social support) and job demands, and how personal resources (e.g., self-efficacy, optimism, self-esteem) can sustain motivational processes and foster gain spirals over time. Within this framework, more recent developments of the model are also addressed, conceptualizing engagement as a dynamic and fluctuating phenomenon that can be examined through longitudinal and daily-oriented studies. Finally, evidence-based intervention strategies aimed at promoting and maintaining work engagement are presented, including organizational interventions (e.g., autonomy, feedback, social support), leadership practices, and individual processes such as job crafting and the development of personal resources, with the goal of promoting well-being and performance in a sustainable way.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/105086