Varroa destructor is one of the main threats to the health of the western honeybee (Apis mellifera), causing direct damage to colonies and facilitating the spread of viral diseases. Although conventional chemical treatments have shown short-term effectiveness, their prolonged use has led to the development of resistance, contamination of hive products, and negative impacts on bee health and the environment. This thesis explores an alternative and sustainable approach to varroa control, focusing on natural and phytotherapeutic methods. Following an overview of honeybee biology and the pathogenesis of Varroa destructor, the main non-conventional treatments are examined, including essential oils, natural organic acids, and experimental plant extracts. The effectiveness of biotechnical methods is also analyzed in depth. Through the review of published scientific studies and practical cases in organic beekeeping, this work highlights the potential of natural remedies in containing varroa infestations.
La Varroa destructor rappresenta una delle principali minacce per la salute dell’ape mellifera (Apis mellifera), causando danni diretti alle colonie e facilitando l’insorgenza di patologie virali. Sebbene i trattamenti chimici convenzionali abbiano mostrato una certa efficacia nel breve termine, l’uso prolungato ha portato all’emergere di fenomeni di resistenza, residui nei prodotti dell’alveare e impatti negativi sulla salute delle api e sull’ambiente. Questa tesi esplora un approccio alternativo e sostenibile al controllo della varroa, focalizzandosi su metodi naturali e fitoterapici. Dopo una panoramica sulla biologia dell’ape e sulla patogenesi della Varroa destructor, vengono analizzati i principali trattamenti non convenzionali: oli essenziali, acidi organici naturali ed estratti vegetali sperimentali. Viene inoltre approfondita l’efficacia di metodi biotecnici. Attraverso l’analisi di studi scientifici pubblicati e casi pratici di apicoltura biologica, si evidenzia il potenziale dei rimedi naturali nel contenimento della varroa.
Metodi naturali e fitoterapici per il controllo della Varroa destructor: un approccio sostenibile all'apicoltura
CECCONETTO, SAMANTHA
2025/2026
Abstract
Varroa destructor is one of the main threats to the health of the western honeybee (Apis mellifera), causing direct damage to colonies and facilitating the spread of viral diseases. Although conventional chemical treatments have shown short-term effectiveness, their prolonged use has led to the development of resistance, contamination of hive products, and negative impacts on bee health and the environment. This thesis explores an alternative and sustainable approach to varroa control, focusing on natural and phytotherapeutic methods. Following an overview of honeybee biology and the pathogenesis of Varroa destructor, the main non-conventional treatments are examined, including essential oils, natural organic acids, and experimental plant extracts. The effectiveness of biotechnical methods is also analyzed in depth. Through the review of published scientific studies and practical cases in organic beekeeping, this work highlights the potential of natural remedies in containing varroa infestations.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/105680