In the context of the contemporary ecological disaster, the inadequacy of modern political institutions in addressing it has become increasingly evident. Founded on dichotomies such as nature and culture, subject and object, public and private, these institutions are not only incapable of responding to the crisis, but are also historically co-responsible for it. In this scenario, care is often invoked as a remedy for the failures of modernity, yet without being critically examined in its ontological and political presuppositions. It is from this standpoint that the thesis is structured around the following questions: why does the common entail care? What is meant by care when it is conceived as an immanent and relational practice, rather than as a pre-determined normative value? And why, within this framework, is care not qualitatively given once and for all, but instead must be evaluated on the basis of the material and situated conditions in which it takes shape—namely, within social reproduction, understood as a concrete mode of taking care of the world? In order to address these questions, the thesis examines the ontologies of the common, with particular reference to the works of Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri, and of Pierre Dardot and Christian Laval. The first chapter shows how these perspectives perform the philosophical gesture of bringing philosophy back onto the plane of immanence, conceiving the world as a socio-ecological milieu of practices in continuous transformation. The common thus emerges not as a given good or a normative principle, but as a material and relational process that entails taking responsibility for the reproduction of life, both human and more-than-human. The second chapter develops this argument through the ontology of Annemarie Mol. Drawing on a praxiographic analysis, Mol shows that objects, bodies, and worlds do not pre-exist practices, but take shape through heterogeneous configurations that enact them in multiple ways. Care here emerges as an immanent mode of orienting and evaluating practices, grounded not in universal criteria but in the concrete effects they produce in sustaining the continuity of life. The third chapter finally focuses on the tradition of social reproduction feminism, with particular attention to the work of Maria Rosa Dalla Costa. It shows how an analysis of relations of production starting from social reproduction is consistent with both the ontologies of the common and Mol’s praxi-centred ontology. Care thus emerges as a constitutive dimension of the common and as a central stake in an ecological and political transformation of the present.
Nel contesto del disastro ecologico contemporaneo, l’inadeguatezza delle moderne istituzioni politiche nel farvi fronte appare sempre più evidente. Fondate su dicotomie quali natura e cultura, soggetto e oggetto, pubblico e privato, tali istituzioni non solo risultano incapaci di rispondere alla crisi, ma ne sono storicamente corresponsabili. In questo scenario, la cura viene spesso invocata come rimedio ai fallimenti della modernità, senza tuttavia essere interrogata nei suoi presupposti ontologici e politici. È a partire da qui che la tesi si articola attorno alle seguenti domande: perché il comune implica la cura? Che cosa si intende per cura quando essa è pensata come pratica immanente e relazionale, e non come valore normativo predeterminato? E perché, in questo quadro, la cura non è qualitativamente data una volta per tutte, ma deve essere valutata a partire dalle condizioni materiali e situate in cui prende forma, ossia nella riproduzione sociale, intesa come modalità concreta di prendersi cura del mondo? Per rispondere a tali interrogativi, la tesi prende in esame le ontologie del comune, con particolare riferimento ai lavori di Michael Hardt e Antonio Negri e di Pierre Dardot e Christian Laval. Il primo capitolo mostra come queste prospettive compiano il gesto filosofico di riportare la filosofia sul piano dell’immanenza, concependo il mondo come un milieu socio-ecologico di pratiche in continua trasformazione. Il comune emerge così non come bene dato o principio normativo, ma come processo materiale e relazionale che implica la presa in carico della riproduzione della vita, umana e più-che-umana. Il secondo capitolo approfondisce questo snodo attraverso l’ontologia di Annemarie Mol. A partire da un’analisi praxiografica, Mol mostra come oggetti, corpi e mondi non preesistano alle pratiche, ma prendano forma attraverso configurazioni eterogenee che li performano in modi molteplici. La cura emerge qui come modalità immanente di orientamento e valutazione delle pratiche, non fondata su criteri universali, ma sugli effetti concreti che esse producono nella continuità della vita. Il terzo capitolo si concentra infine sul femminismo della riproduzione sociale, con particolare attenzione ai lavori di Maria Rosa Dalla Costa, mostrando come l’analisi dei rapporti di produzione a partire dalla riproduzione sociale sia coerente con le ontologie del comune e con l’ontologia prassi-centrica di Mol. La cura si configura così come dimensione costitutiva del comune e come posta in gioco centrale di una trasformazione ecologica e politica del presente.
La cura attraverso il comune
LEONARDI, ELENA
2025/2026
Abstract
In the context of the contemporary ecological disaster, the inadequacy of modern political institutions in addressing it has become increasingly evident. Founded on dichotomies such as nature and culture, subject and object, public and private, these institutions are not only incapable of responding to the crisis, but are also historically co-responsible for it. In this scenario, care is often invoked as a remedy for the failures of modernity, yet without being critically examined in its ontological and political presuppositions. It is from this standpoint that the thesis is structured around the following questions: why does the common entail care? What is meant by care when it is conceived as an immanent and relational practice, rather than as a pre-determined normative value? And why, within this framework, is care not qualitatively given once and for all, but instead must be evaluated on the basis of the material and situated conditions in which it takes shape—namely, within social reproduction, understood as a concrete mode of taking care of the world? In order to address these questions, the thesis examines the ontologies of the common, with particular reference to the works of Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri, and of Pierre Dardot and Christian Laval. The first chapter shows how these perspectives perform the philosophical gesture of bringing philosophy back onto the plane of immanence, conceiving the world as a socio-ecological milieu of practices in continuous transformation. The common thus emerges not as a given good or a normative principle, but as a material and relational process that entails taking responsibility for the reproduction of life, both human and more-than-human. The second chapter develops this argument through the ontology of Annemarie Mol. Drawing on a praxiographic analysis, Mol shows that objects, bodies, and worlds do not pre-exist practices, but take shape through heterogeneous configurations that enact them in multiple ways. Care here emerges as an immanent mode of orienting and evaluating practices, grounded not in universal criteria but in the concrete effects they produce in sustaining the continuity of life. The third chapter finally focuses on the tradition of social reproduction feminism, with particular attention to the work of Maria Rosa Dalla Costa. It shows how an analysis of relations of production starting from social reproduction is consistent with both the ontologies of the common and Mol’s praxi-centred ontology. Care thus emerges as a constitutive dimension of the common and as a central stake in an ecological and political transformation of the present.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/107224