This thesis examines the theme of the relationship with death and dying through the reflections of the bioethicist Daniel Callahan, situating the analysis within a bioethical-philosophical perspective. A first aim is to show how, in the Western world, the way death and dying are approached has changed over time; in particular, the work analyzes the transitions that led to the disappearance of the so-called “tame death,” typical of the Middle Ages, in favor of a logic of death denial that characterizes the modern era. Furthermore, the thesis seeks to examine the critical issues of the contemporary relationship with death and dying, which are today predominantly addressed from a medical standpoint. In this regard, drawing on Daniel Callahan’s thought, the study analyzes the main characteristics of modern medicine and, in particular, the place that death occupies within it. This reveals what has been defined as a “militaristic approach” to death, a perspective that can lead to problematic consequences such as therapeutic obstinacy or the claim to complete self-management of the dying process. Finally, the thesis aims to offer some theoretical insights useful for outlining a possible path capable of restoring a deeper meaning to the end of life.
Il presente lavoro analizza il tema del rapporto con la morte e il morire a partire dalle riflessioni del bioeticista Daniel Callahan, collocandosi all’interno di una prospettiva bioetico-filosofica. Un primo obiettivo consiste nel mostrare come, in Occidente, il modo di rapportarsi alla morte e al morire si sia trasformato nel tempo; in particolare vengono analizzati i passaggi che hanno condotto alla scomparsa della cosiddetta “morte familiare”, tipica del Medioevo, a favore di una logica di negazione della morte che caratterizza l’epoca moderna. Inoltre, il lavoro si propone di esaminare le criticità dell’attuale rapporto con la morte e il morire, oggi prevalentemente affrontati dal punto di vista medico. A tal proposito, sulla scia del pensiero di Daniel Callahan, si analizzano le principali caratteristiche della medicina moderna e, in particolare, il posto che la morte occupa al suo interno. Emerge così quello che è stato definito un “approccio bellico” nei confronti della morte, prospettiva che può condurre a conseguenze problematiche quali l’accanimento clinico oppure la pretesa di una completa autogestione del morire. Infine, l’ultimo obiettivo è quello di offrire alcuni spunti teorici utili a delineare una possibile via capace di restituire alla fine della vita un senso più profondo.
Rapportarsi con la morte e il morire: riflessioni a partire dal pensiero di Daniel Callahan
PIANTINI, AZZURRA
2025/2026
Abstract
This thesis examines the theme of the relationship with death and dying through the reflections of the bioethicist Daniel Callahan, situating the analysis within a bioethical-philosophical perspective. A first aim is to show how, in the Western world, the way death and dying are approached has changed over time; in particular, the work analyzes the transitions that led to the disappearance of the so-called “tame death,” typical of the Middle Ages, in favor of a logic of death denial that characterizes the modern era. Furthermore, the thesis seeks to examine the critical issues of the contemporary relationship with death and dying, which are today predominantly addressed from a medical standpoint. In this regard, drawing on Daniel Callahan’s thought, the study analyzes the main characteristics of modern medicine and, in particular, the place that death occupies within it. This reveals what has been defined as a “militaristic approach” to death, a perspective that can lead to problematic consequences such as therapeutic obstinacy or the claim to complete self-management of the dying process. Finally, the thesis aims to offer some theoretical insights useful for outlining a possible path capable of restoring a deeper meaning to the end of life.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/107229