The phenomenon of domestic accidents still represents a problem of considerable health and social importance today. Home accidents are a serious public health issue with a major economic impact. Epidemiological analysis at the national and international levels allows us to understand its characteristics and the prevalence found in the most vulnerable segments of the population. Understanding the incidence and causes of accidents in the home makes it possible to plan targeted prevention interventions integrated into the broader strategy of raising awareness and educating people about safety at home. It is therefore essential to understand the extent and nature of the phenomenon by studying reliable and timely data collected through official statistics from the Italian National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT) and those collected through the European Injury Database (EU-IDB), the European accident database. Comparing regulations and safety cultures in the home and at work highlights the main differences in risk management and perceived protection. By investigating the main organizational models and regulatory differences, we aimed to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of each context, offering an integrated intervention perspective. This analysis is part of the broader treatment of this work on the strategies and role of the Prevention Technician in reducing accidents both at home and in the workplace. The main causes and risk factors of domestic accidents have been studied and interpreted. Multidisciplinary approach models to prevention have been analyzed, such as “The Spectrum of Prevention”, a conceptual model used to promote health, developed at various levels; this method is characterized by a multidisciplinary approach, moving from acting on a single person to modifying the social environment and surrounding conditions, thus ensuring a more significant effect than interventions not linked to each other noting that acting with such an approach is the most functional and most effective solution in the world of prevention. Finally, recommendations and operational proposals were made to try to reduce the number of domestic accidents.
Il fenomeno infortunistico domestico rappresenta ancora oggi un problema di notevole rilevanza sanitaria e sociale. Gli incidenti in casa sono una seria questione di salute pubblica di grande impatto economico. L'analisi epidemiologica a livello nazionale ed internazionale permette di comprenderne le caratteristiche e la prevalenza che si rileva nelle fasce più vulnerabili della popolazione. La conoscenza dell'incidenza e delle cause degli incidenti in ambito domestico rende possibile pianificare interventi di prevenzione mirati ed integrati nella più ampia strategia di sensibilizzazione e educazione alla sicurezza in casa, è fondamentale quindi conoscere l’estensione e la natura del fenomeno, studiando dati certi e puntuali, rilevati tramite le statistiche ufficiali dell’Istituto Nazionale di Statistica Italiano (ISTAT), e quelli raccolti attraverso European Injury Database (EU-IDB), banca dati europea sugli infortuni . Il confronto tra normative e culture di sicurezza nel domicilio e nel lavoro consente di evidenziare le principali diversità nella gestione del rischio e nella percezione della protezione. Indagando i principali modelli organizzativi e le differenze normative, si è inteso evidenziare i punti di forza e di debolezza di ogni contesto, offrendo un'ottica di intervento integrata. Tale analisi rientra nella più ampia trattazione del presente lavoro in tema di strategie e ruolo del Tecnico della Prevenzione nella riduzione degli incidenti sia in ambito domiciliare che sul luogo di lavoro. Sono state studiate ed interpretate le principali cause ed i fattori di rischio degli infortuni domestici. Sono stati analizzati modelli di approccio multidisciplinari alla prevenzione, come “The Spectrum of Prevention”, modello concettuale utilizzato per promuovere la salute, sviluppato su vari livelli; questo metodo è caratterizzato da un approccio multidisciplinare, spostandosi dall'azione su una singola persona alla modifica dell'ambiente sociale e delle condizioni circostanti, assicurando così un effetto più significativo rispetto a interventi non collegati tra loro constatando che agire con tale approccio sia la soluzione più funzionale e più efficace nel mondo della prevenzione. Sono state infine effettuate raccomandazioni e proposte operative per cercare di ridurre la casistica degli infortuni domestici.
INFORTUNI DOMESTICI: LE DIFFICOLTA’ NELLA PREVENZIONE
BACCIU, PAOLA
2024/2025
Abstract
The phenomenon of domestic accidents still represents a problem of considerable health and social importance today. Home accidents are a serious public health issue with a major economic impact. Epidemiological analysis at the national and international levels allows us to understand its characteristics and the prevalence found in the most vulnerable segments of the population. Understanding the incidence and causes of accidents in the home makes it possible to plan targeted prevention interventions integrated into the broader strategy of raising awareness and educating people about safety at home. It is therefore essential to understand the extent and nature of the phenomenon by studying reliable and timely data collected through official statistics from the Italian National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT) and those collected through the European Injury Database (EU-IDB), the European accident database. Comparing regulations and safety cultures in the home and at work highlights the main differences in risk management and perceived protection. By investigating the main organizational models and regulatory differences, we aimed to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of each context, offering an integrated intervention perspective. This analysis is part of the broader treatment of this work on the strategies and role of the Prevention Technician in reducing accidents both at home and in the workplace. The main causes and risk factors of domestic accidents have been studied and interpreted. Multidisciplinary approach models to prevention have been analyzed, such as “The Spectrum of Prevention”, a conceptual model used to promote health, developed at various levels; this method is characterized by a multidisciplinary approach, moving from acting on a single person to modifying the social environment and surrounding conditions, thus ensuring a more significant effect than interventions not linked to each other noting that acting with such an approach is the most functional and most effective solution in the world of prevention. Finally, recommendations and operational proposals were made to try to reduce the number of domestic accidents.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/107514