This thesis analyses populism as a psychopolitical phenomenon, focusing on the processes through which it shapes individual experience, perceptions of freedom, and dynamics of affective polarization. The theoretical section reviews the literature on populism by exploring its definitions, socio-economic and cultural roots, and the main psychological mechanisms involved. Particular attention is devoted to the relationship between populism and freedom, conceptualized as a perceived political value, and to the ways in which populist narratives may influence individuals’ subjective evaluations of restrictions on fundamental freedoms. The study also addresses the link between populism and affective polarization, highlighting the role of negative emotions and ingroup/outgroup dynamics in intensifying political conflict. The empirical section presents an experimental study conducted through an online survey on an Italian sample. The study investigates how a populist discursive frame, compared to a neutral one, affects perceptions of personal freedom in the evaluation of different public policies. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the role of individual dispositions and political narratives in shaping attitudes and judgments, offering insights into the psychological implications of populism in contemporary democracies.
Questo lavoro analizza il populismo come fenomeno psicopolitico, soffermandosi sui processi attraverso cui esso influenza il vissuto individuale, la percezione della libertà e le dinamiche di polarizzazione affettiva. Nella letteratura si esamina il costrutto del populismo: esplorandone le definizioni, le radici socio-economiche e culturali e i principali meccanismi psicologici coinvolti. Successivamente viene approfondito il rapporto tra populismo e libertà, considerando quest’ultima come valore politico percepito e analizzando come le narrazioni populiste possano incidere sulla valutazione soggettiva delle restrizioni alle libertà fondamentali. Viene inoltre evidenziato il legame tra populismo e polarizzazione affettiva, mettendo in luce il ruolo delle emozioni negative e delle dinamiche ingroup/outgroup nel rafforzare il conflitto politico. La parte empirica presenta uno studio sperimentale condotto tramite survey online su un campione italiano, volto a indagare come una cornice discorsiva populista, rispetto a una neutrale, influenzi la percezione della libertà personale nella valutazione di diverse politiche pubbliche. I risultati contribuiscono a chiarire il ruolo delle disposizioni individuali e delle narrazioni politiche nel plasmare atteggiamenti e giudizi, offrendo spunti di riflessione sulle implicazioni psicologiche del populismo nelle democrazie contemporanee.
Populismo, Libertà e Polarizzazione affettiva: Uno studio sui meccanismi psicologici alla base del supporto alle politiche pubbliche
SIGHINOLFI, ANNA CHIARA
2025/2026
Abstract
This thesis analyses populism as a psychopolitical phenomenon, focusing on the processes through which it shapes individual experience, perceptions of freedom, and dynamics of affective polarization. The theoretical section reviews the literature on populism by exploring its definitions, socio-economic and cultural roots, and the main psychological mechanisms involved. Particular attention is devoted to the relationship between populism and freedom, conceptualized as a perceived political value, and to the ways in which populist narratives may influence individuals’ subjective evaluations of restrictions on fundamental freedoms. The study also addresses the link between populism and affective polarization, highlighting the role of negative emotions and ingroup/outgroup dynamics in intensifying political conflict. The empirical section presents an experimental study conducted through an online survey on an Italian sample. The study investigates how a populist discursive frame, compared to a neutral one, affects perceptions of personal freedom in the evaluation of different public policies. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the role of individual dispositions and political narratives in shaping attitudes and judgments, offering insights into the psychological implications of populism in contemporary democracies.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/107821