In recent decades, the growing prevalence of energy control and management technologies has fostered the development of smart buildings, characterised by the integration of automation and control systems (BACS). These systems, comprising sensors, actuators and supervision platforms, enable centralised and efficient management of installations, contributing to the optimisation of energy consumption, the improvement of occupant comfort and the achievement of environmental sustainability objectives. Despite the potential offered by these technologies, one of the main challenges lies in the limited interoperability between heterogeneous systems, particularly between digital building information models and the communication protocols used in automation systems, such as BACnet. This discontinuity prevents full integration between the static representation of the building and the dynamic data from the real-world system, hindering the development of advanced solutions such as Digital Twins. In light of these issues, this thesis aims to develop and validate a workflow for semantic integration between the IFC (Industry Foundation Classes) format and the BACnet protocol, within the Niagara Framework environment. The objective is to define a mapping methodology between the two information domains, capable of promoting data consistency and improving interoperability processes in building automation systems. The aim is to define a methodology for mapping between the two information domains, capable of ensuring data consistency and improving interoperability processes in building automation systems. To this end, an application case study has been developed involving the creation of an IFC model, its processing via Python scripts and the subsequent generation of a structured XML file, compatible with the Niagara environment. Within this model, a BACnet master data structure consistent with the IFC language and semantics was developed. This file was then used as a reference template in a Python script, aimed at the automated generation of the final XML file. The workflow allows BACnet entities to be associated with IFC elements, achieving an initial semantic integration between the information model and the control system. The results obtained highlight the effectiveness of the proposed approach and its potential contribution to the development of integrated systems for intelligent building management, opening up future prospects for the implementation of Digital Twin-based solutions and for improving interoperability between BIM and BACS platforms.
Negli ultimi decenni, la crescente diffusione di tecnologie per il controllo e la gestione energetica ha favorito lo sviluppo di edifici intelligenti, caratterizzati dall’integrazione di sistemi di automazione e controllo (BACS). Tali sistemi, costituiti da sensori, attuatori e piattaforme di supervisione, consentono una gestione centralizzata ed efficiente degli impianti, contribuendo all’ottimizzazione dei consumi energetici, al miglioramento del comfort degli occupanti e al raggiungimento degli obiettivi di sostenibilità ambientale. Nonostante le potenzialità offerte da queste tecnologie, una delle principali criticità risiede nella limitata interoperabilità tra sistemi eterogenei, in particolare tra i modelli informativi digitali BIM e i protocolli di comunicazione utilizzati nei sistemi di automazione, come BACnet. Questa discontinuità impedisce una piena integrazione tra la rappresentazione statica dell’edificio e i dati dinamici provenienti dal sistema reale, ostacolando lo sviluppo di soluzioni avanzate come i Digital Twin. Alla luce di tali problematiche, la presente tesi si propone di sviluppare e validare un workflow per l’integrazione semantica tra il formato IFC (Industry Foundation Classes) e il protocollo BACnet, all’interno dell’ambiente Niagara Framework. L’obiettivo è quello di definire una metodologia di mappatura tra i due domini informativi, in grado di favorire la coerenza dei dati e migliorare i processi di interoperabilità nei sistemi di automazione degli edifici. A tal fine, è stato sviluppato un caso studio applicativo che prevede la creazione di un modello IFC, la sua elaborazione mediante script Python e la successiva generazione di un file XML strutturato, compatibile con l’ambiente Niagara. All’interno di tale modello si è sviluppata una struttura anagrafica BACnet coerente con il linguaggio e la semantica di IFC. Tale file è stato quindi impiegato come template di riferimento in uno script Python, finalizzato alla generazione automatizzata del file XML definitivo. Il workflow consente di associare entità BACnet agli elementi IFC, realizzando una prima integrazione semantica tra modello informativo e sistema di controllo. I risultati ottenuti evidenziano l’efficacia dell’approccio proposto e il suo potenziale contributo allo sviluppo di sistemi integrati per la gestione intelligente degli edifici, aprendo prospettive future per l’implementazione di soluzioni basate su Digital Twin e per il miglioramento dell’interoperabilità tra piattaforme BIM e BACS
Analisi dell'interoperabilità nei sistemi di automazione e controllo degli edifici: sviluppo e confronto di un workflow IFC-Bacnet in ambiente Niagara
FASSINA, GAIA
2025/2026
Abstract
In recent decades, the growing prevalence of energy control and management technologies has fostered the development of smart buildings, characterised by the integration of automation and control systems (BACS). These systems, comprising sensors, actuators and supervision platforms, enable centralised and efficient management of installations, contributing to the optimisation of energy consumption, the improvement of occupant comfort and the achievement of environmental sustainability objectives. Despite the potential offered by these technologies, one of the main challenges lies in the limited interoperability between heterogeneous systems, particularly between digital building information models and the communication protocols used in automation systems, such as BACnet. This discontinuity prevents full integration between the static representation of the building and the dynamic data from the real-world system, hindering the development of advanced solutions such as Digital Twins. In light of these issues, this thesis aims to develop and validate a workflow for semantic integration between the IFC (Industry Foundation Classes) format and the BACnet protocol, within the Niagara Framework environment. The objective is to define a mapping methodology between the two information domains, capable of promoting data consistency and improving interoperability processes in building automation systems. The aim is to define a methodology for mapping between the two information domains, capable of ensuring data consistency and improving interoperability processes in building automation systems. To this end, an application case study has been developed involving the creation of an IFC model, its processing via Python scripts and the subsequent generation of a structured XML file, compatible with the Niagara environment. Within this model, a BACnet master data structure consistent with the IFC language and semantics was developed. This file was then used as a reference template in a Python script, aimed at the automated generation of the final XML file. The workflow allows BACnet entities to be associated with IFC elements, achieving an initial semantic integration between the information model and the control system. The results obtained highlight the effectiveness of the proposed approach and its potential contribution to the development of integrated systems for intelligent building management, opening up future prospects for the implementation of Digital Twin-based solutions and for improving interoperability between BIM and BACS platforms.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Fassina_Gaia.pdf
Accesso riservato
Dimensione
9.08 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
9.08 MB | Adobe PDF |
The text of this website © Università degli studi di Padova. Full Text are published under a non-exclusive license. Metadata are under a CC0 License
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/107850