The Mediterranean diet (MD) is recognized as one of the healthiest and most sustainable eating patterns. Despite its benefits, in Italy its adherence is decreasing; therefore, the need to investigate the psychosocial factors that favor and support adherence to this eating style emerges. In the present study, the theoretical framework adopted is the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB; Ajzen, 1991), extended by two additional predictors: self-identity and past adherence to MD. The study was conducted in two phases (T1 and T2), two weeks apart. The participants were 706 adults (60.5% women; mean age 31.8 years). At T1, intention to adhere to the MD, attitude (cognitive and affective) toward the adherence, the two components of subjective norm (injunctive and descriptive), perceived behavioral control, self-identity as a healthy eater, and past behavior were measured; at T2, MD adherence was detected after two weeks. The results showed that the extended model explains 52% of the variance in intention and 38% of the variance in behavior. All antecedents included in the extended TPB are significantly associated with intention; descriptive subjective norm was the most important predictor. Past behavior emerged as the strongest predictor of behavior at T2. These findings highlight the central role of self-identity and past behavior in the decision-making process involved in adopting this healthy and sustainable dietary pattern.
La dieta mediterranea (DM) è riconosciuta come uno degli stili alimentari più salutari e sostenibili. Nonostante i suoi benefici, in Italia la sua adesione è in diminuzione; emerge, quindi, l’esigenza di indagare i fattori psicosociali che favoriscono e sostengono l’aderenza a questo stile alimentare. Nella presente ricerca il modello teorico utilizzato è la Teoria del comportamento pianificato (Theory of Planned Behavior, TPB; Ajzen, 1991) estesa con due ulteriori predittori, ovvero la self-identity e il comportamento passato di adesione alla DM. La ricerca si è svolta in due fasi (T1 e T2), a distanza di due settimane l’una dall’altra. I partecipanti erano 706 adulti (60.5% donne; età media 31.8 anni). Al T1, sono stati rilevate le misure dell’intenzione di aderire alla dieta mediterranea, dell’atteggiamento (cognitivo e affettivo), delle due componenti della norma soggettiva (ingiuntiva e descrittiva), del controllo comportamentale percepito, della self-identity come persona che mangia sano e del comportamento passato; al T2, è stato rilevato il comportamento di adesione alla DM dopo due settimane. I risultati hanno mostrato che il modello esteso spiega il 52% della varianza dell’intenzione e il 38% di quella del comportamento. Tutti i costrutti antecedenti della TPB estesa sono associati in modo significativo all’intenzione, il cui predittore più importante risulta essere la norma soggettiva descrittiva. Il comportamento passato risulta essere il predittore più forte del comportamento al T2. I risultati sostengono il fatto che la self-identity e il comportamento passato hanno un ruolo fondamentale nel processo di adesione a questo stile alimentare salutare e sostenibile.
Il ruolo della self-identity e del comportamento passato nella Teoria del comportamento pianificato. Uno studio sull'adesione alla dieta mediterranea
FURLAN, ANNA
2025/2026
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet (MD) is recognized as one of the healthiest and most sustainable eating patterns. Despite its benefits, in Italy its adherence is decreasing; therefore, the need to investigate the psychosocial factors that favor and support adherence to this eating style emerges. In the present study, the theoretical framework adopted is the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB; Ajzen, 1991), extended by two additional predictors: self-identity and past adherence to MD. The study was conducted in two phases (T1 and T2), two weeks apart. The participants were 706 adults (60.5% women; mean age 31.8 years). At T1, intention to adhere to the MD, attitude (cognitive and affective) toward the adherence, the two components of subjective norm (injunctive and descriptive), perceived behavioral control, self-identity as a healthy eater, and past behavior were measured; at T2, MD adherence was detected after two weeks. The results showed that the extended model explains 52% of the variance in intention and 38% of the variance in behavior. All antecedents included in the extended TPB are significantly associated with intention; descriptive subjective norm was the most important predictor. Past behavior emerged as the strongest predictor of behavior at T2. These findings highlight the central role of self-identity and past behavior in the decision-making process involved in adopting this healthy and sustainable dietary pattern.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/107914