Hoarding disorder consists of a pathological and maladaptive pattern of object retention, characterized by a marked difficulty discarding possessions and a possible tendency to acquire new items. Among the main consequences of the disorder are intense emotional distress when individuals are required to discard an object and a significant cluttering of living spaces, with negative repercussions on daily functioning. Hoarding disorder was recognized as an independent diagnosis in 2013, with its inclusion in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), an event that contributed to an increase in scientific research in this field. Available evidence indicates that hoarding disorder has a multifactorial etiology. Although cognitive-behavioral therapy currently represents the intervention with the strongest empirical support, it presents certain limitations. In recent years, virtual reality has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach, due to advantages such as reduced costs, the possibility of controlling and personalizing exposure environments, safety, and good patient acceptability. The present study aims to investigate the effectiveness of non-immersive virtual reality exposure to a situation in which individuals are required to discard an object. The virtual environment closely resembles a domestic setting and allows users to explore its rooms using a computer mouse and keyboard. The other experimental conditions, hypothesized to be less effective than the virtual reality condition, consist of imaginal exposure and a no-exposure condition. Following the exposure, participants are asked whether they are willing to discard the object in real life. Two sets of questionnaires are administered before and after the experimental procedure in order to assess psychological constructs such as distress tolerance, state and trait anxiety, emotion regulation, emotional reactivity, affective experience, and characteristics of the participant’s hoarding disorder.
Il disturbo da accumulo consiste in una modalità patologica e maladattiva di conservazione degli oggetti, caratterizzata da una marcata difficoltà a disfarsi dei beni materiali e da una possibile tendenza ad acquisirne di nuovi. Tra le principali conseguenze del disturbo si riscontrano un intenso disagio emotivo nel momento in cui la persona è chiamata a gettare un oggetto e un significativo ingombro degli spazi abitativi, con ripercussioni sul funzionamento quotidiano. Il disturbo da accumulo è stato riconosciuto come diagnosi indipendente nel 2013, con l’inclusione nel Manuale Diagnostico e Statistico dei Disturbi Mentali (DSM-5), evento che ha contribuito a un incremento delle ricerche scientifiche in questo ambito. Le evidenze emerse indicano come il disturbo da accumulo abbia un’eziologia multifattoriale. Sebbene il trattamento cognitivo-comportamentale rappresenti attualmente l’intervento con il maggior supporto empirico, esso presenta alcuni limiti. Negli ultimi anni, la realtà virtuale si è affermata come un approccio terapeutico promettente, grazie a vantaggi quali la riduzione dei costi, la possibilità di controllare e personalizzare gli ambienti di esposizione, la sicurezza e una buona accettabilità da parte dei pazienti. Lo studio in questione si propone di indagare l’efficacia dell’esposizione in realtà virtuale non immersiva ad una situazione in cui l’individuo è chiamato a disfarsi di un oggetto. L’ambiente virtuale richiama fortemente quello domestico ed è possibile visitare le sue stanze tramite l’utilizzo del mouse e della tastiera del computer. Le altre condizioni sperimentali, che si ipotizza essere meno efficaci di quella in realtà virtuale, consistono in un’esposizione in immaginazione e nell’assenza di esposizione. A seguito dell’esposizione, ai partecipanti viene richiesto se vogliano gettare l’oggetto nella realtà. Vengono proposte due batterie di questionari prima e dopo la procedura sperimentale, in modo da comprendere costrutti psicologici come la tolleranza al disagio, ansia di stato e di tratto, la regolazione emotiva, la reattività emotiva, l’esperienza affettiva e le caratteristiche del disturbo da accumulo del partecipante.
La realtà virtuale non immersiva nel trattamento del Disturbo da Accumulo: un'indagine preliminare su un campione tratto dalla popolazione generale
MORA, BEATRICE
2025/2026
Abstract
Hoarding disorder consists of a pathological and maladaptive pattern of object retention, characterized by a marked difficulty discarding possessions and a possible tendency to acquire new items. Among the main consequences of the disorder are intense emotional distress when individuals are required to discard an object and a significant cluttering of living spaces, with negative repercussions on daily functioning. Hoarding disorder was recognized as an independent diagnosis in 2013, with its inclusion in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), an event that contributed to an increase in scientific research in this field. Available evidence indicates that hoarding disorder has a multifactorial etiology. Although cognitive-behavioral therapy currently represents the intervention with the strongest empirical support, it presents certain limitations. In recent years, virtual reality has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach, due to advantages such as reduced costs, the possibility of controlling and personalizing exposure environments, safety, and good patient acceptability. The present study aims to investigate the effectiveness of non-immersive virtual reality exposure to a situation in which individuals are required to discard an object. The virtual environment closely resembles a domestic setting and allows users to explore its rooms using a computer mouse and keyboard. The other experimental conditions, hypothesized to be less effective than the virtual reality condition, consist of imaginal exposure and a no-exposure condition. Following the exposure, participants are asked whether they are willing to discard the object in real life. Two sets of questionnaires are administered before and after the experimental procedure in order to assess psychological constructs such as distress tolerance, state and trait anxiety, emotion regulation, emotional reactivity, affective experience, and characteristics of the participant’s hoarding disorder.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/108090