This thesis examines the processes of stigmatization toward online sex workers, with a particular focus on the role of the platform used and the gender of the target in shaping social judgment. The research was conducted using an online questionnaire administered to a sample of 425 participants through a four-condition experimental design: women on Instagram, men on Instagram, women on OnlyFans, and men on OnlyFans. The aim was to analyze whether the social perception of the subjects was more negative toward the target on OnlyFans than on Instagram, and whether the target’s gender influenced this judgement. The variables considered were negative emotions, perceived threat to societal values, humanization, victim blaming, and, on an exploratory basis, perceived non-heterosexuality. In addition, the relationship between negative emotions, humanity, and victim blaming was analyzed, and a sequential mediation model was used to test whether the first two variables could mediate the effect of the OnlyFans condition on the attribution of victim blaming. Overall, the results show that both male and female targets on OnlyFans are evaluated more negatively than on Instagram. In the gender comparison, the results suggest a generally more negative perception of male targets. However, no significant differences emerge with regard to perceived non-heterosexuality. Correlational analyses highlight that negative emotions, humanization, and victim blaming are significantly associated with one another. The mediation model shows that the effect of the OnlyFans condition on victim blaming is mediated by an increase in negative emotions and a subsequent reduction in humanization.
La presente tesi indaga i processi di stigmatizzazione nei confronti degli e delle online sex worker, con particolare attenzione al ruolo della piattaforma utilizzata e del genere del target nella formazione del giudizio sociale. La ricerca è stata condotta attraverso un questionario online su un campione di 425 partecipanti mediante un disegno sperimentale a quattro condizioni: donna su Instagram, uomo su Instagram, donna su OnlyFans e uomo su OnlyFans. L’obiettivo è stato analizzare se la percezione sociale dei soggetti fosse più negativa nei confronti del target su OnlyFans rispetto che su Instagram, e se il genere del target influisse in tale giudizio. Le variabili considerate sono state emozioni negative, percezione di minaccia ai valori della società, umanizzazione, victim blaming e, in via esplorativa, non eterosessualità percepita. Inoltre, è stato analizzato il legame tra emozioni negative, umanità e victim blaming, e attraverso un modello di mediazione seriale si è verificato se le prime due variabili potessero mediare l’effetto della condizione di OnlyFans sull’attribuzione di victim blaming. I risultati nel complesso mostrano che sia i target maschili che femminili su OnlyFans vengono valutati in modo più negativo rispetto che su Instagram. Nel confronto di genere, i risultati suggeriscono una generale percezione più negativa al target maschile. Non emergono invece differenze significative rispetto alla non eterosessualità percepita. Le analisi correlazionali evidenziano che emozioni negative, umanizzazione e victim blaming risultano significativamente associate tra loro, mentre il modello di mediazione mostra che l’effetto delle condizioni di OnlyFans sul victim blaming è mediato dall’aumento delle emozioni negative e dalla successiva riduzione dell’umanità.
Dirty Job: deumanizzazione e victim blaming nei confronti degli e delle online sex workers
GENNARI, VALENTINA
2025/2026
Abstract
This thesis examines the processes of stigmatization toward online sex workers, with a particular focus on the role of the platform used and the gender of the target in shaping social judgment. The research was conducted using an online questionnaire administered to a sample of 425 participants through a four-condition experimental design: women on Instagram, men on Instagram, women on OnlyFans, and men on OnlyFans. The aim was to analyze whether the social perception of the subjects was more negative toward the target on OnlyFans than on Instagram, and whether the target’s gender influenced this judgement. The variables considered were negative emotions, perceived threat to societal values, humanization, victim blaming, and, on an exploratory basis, perceived non-heterosexuality. In addition, the relationship between negative emotions, humanity, and victim blaming was analyzed, and a sequential mediation model was used to test whether the first two variables could mediate the effect of the OnlyFans condition on the attribution of victim blaming. Overall, the results show that both male and female targets on OnlyFans are evaluated more negatively than on Instagram. In the gender comparison, the results suggest a generally more negative perception of male targets. However, no significant differences emerge with regard to perceived non-heterosexuality. Correlational analyses highlight that negative emotions, humanization, and victim blaming are significantly associated with one another. The mediation model shows that the effect of the OnlyFans condition on victim blaming is mediated by an increase in negative emotions and a subsequent reduction in humanization.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/108254