HIV infection continues to represent a highly relevant issue in the healthcare field, despite significant medical advances. People living with the virus still frequently face stigma and discrimination, even within clinical and care settings, compromising access to treatment and the overall quality of care. A study published in 2015 by Shah et al. highlighted that, prior to an educational intervention, many nursing students held incorrect knowledge about HIV and displayed discriminatory attitudes: more than 50% believed in myths regarding transmission, about one third considered people with HIV responsible for their condition, and the majority showed reluctance to perform certain clinical tasks. After a brief training intervention, a significant improvement was observed in both knowledge and attitudes. More than 95% of the students stated that the intervention would have a concrete impact on their future clinical practice. At the European level, according to a 2024 report by the ECDC, HIV-related stigma remains widespread among healthcare professionals. Data collected in 54 countries show that people living with HIV report experiences of refusal of care, unauthorized disclosure of their serological status, reduced quality of care, and stigmatizing comments from healthcare staff. The report highlights that, despite the existence of anti-discrimination policies in many healthcare facilities, these are often ignored or only partially implemented. The ECDC emphasizes the urgency of targeted and systematic training to reduce stigma in healthcare settings. In Italy, 2024 data from the COA-ISS indicate an increase in new HIV diagnoses, many of which are late diagnoses. According to LILA, this points to a persistent lack of prevention, information, and access to testing. Furthermore, a significant proportion of people living with HIV continue to report episodes of discrimination, often within healthcare settings themselves. In light of these findings, it is essential to investigate the level of knowledge and attitudes of nursing students toward HIV infection, in order to identify potential educational gaps and propose effective training interventions. Promoting accurate preparation and a respectful approach is a crucial step toward ensuring inclusive, equitable, and prejudice-free care.
L’infezione da HIV continua a rappresentare un tema di grande rilevanza in ambito sanitario, nonostante i notevoli avanzamenti medici. Tuttora, le persone che vivono con il virus affrontano frequentemente stigma e discriminazioni, anche nei contesti clinico-assistenziali, compromettendo l’accesso alle cure e la qualità dell’assistenza stessa. Uno studio pubblicato nel 2015 da Shah et al. ha evidenziato che, prima di un intervento formativo, molti studenti di infermieristica presentavano conoscenze scorrette sull’HIV e atteggiamenti discriminatori: oltre il 50% credeva in falsi miti sulla trasmissione, circa un terzo riteneva le persone con HIV responsabili della propria condizione, e la maggioranza mostrava riluttanza a svolgere alcune mansioni cliniche. Dopo una breve formazione, si è osservato un miglioramento significativo sia nelle conoscenze che nell’atteggiamento. Più del 95% degli studenti ha dichiarato che l’intervento avrebbe avuto un impatto concreto sulla loro futura pratica clinica.Anche a livello europeo, secondo un rapporto del 2024 dell’ECDC, lo stigma legato all’HIV è ancora ampiamente diffuso tra gli operatori sanitari. Dati raccolti in 54 Paesi mostrano che persone con HIV riportano esperienze di rifiuto di cure, divulgazione non autorizzata del loro stato sierologico, qualità assistenziale ridotta e commenti stigmatizzanti da parte del personale sanitario. Il report evidenzia come, nonostante l’esistenza di politiche anti-discriminazione in molte strutture, queste vengano spesso ignorate o applicate solo parzialmente. L’ECDC sottolinea l’urgenza di una formazione mirata e sistematica per ridurre lo stigma nei contesti sanitari.In Italia, i dati del COA-ISS relativi al 2024 mostrano un aumento delle nuove diagnosi di HIV, molte delle quali tardive. Secondo la LILA, ciò indica una persistente carenza di prevenzione, informazione e accesso ai test. Inoltre, una parte significativa delle persone con HIV continua a segnalare episodi di discriminazione, spesso proprio in ambito sanitario. Alla luce di questi elementi, risulta fondamentale indagare il livello di conoscenza e l’atteggiamento degli studenti di infermieristica nei confronti dell’infezione da HIV, al fine di individuare eventuali lacune formative e proporre interventi educativi efficaci. Promuovere una preparazione accurata e un approccio rispettoso è un passo essenziale per garantire cure inclusive, eque e prive di pregiudizi.
Le conoscenze su HIV e AIDS delle studentesse e degli studenti del secondo e terzo anno del CLI AA 2024/2025
GIANNINOTO, CHIARA
2024/2025
Abstract
HIV infection continues to represent a highly relevant issue in the healthcare field, despite significant medical advances. People living with the virus still frequently face stigma and discrimination, even within clinical and care settings, compromising access to treatment and the overall quality of care. A study published in 2015 by Shah et al. highlighted that, prior to an educational intervention, many nursing students held incorrect knowledge about HIV and displayed discriminatory attitudes: more than 50% believed in myths regarding transmission, about one third considered people with HIV responsible for their condition, and the majority showed reluctance to perform certain clinical tasks. After a brief training intervention, a significant improvement was observed in both knowledge and attitudes. More than 95% of the students stated that the intervention would have a concrete impact on their future clinical practice. At the European level, according to a 2024 report by the ECDC, HIV-related stigma remains widespread among healthcare professionals. Data collected in 54 countries show that people living with HIV report experiences of refusal of care, unauthorized disclosure of their serological status, reduced quality of care, and stigmatizing comments from healthcare staff. The report highlights that, despite the existence of anti-discrimination policies in many healthcare facilities, these are often ignored or only partially implemented. The ECDC emphasizes the urgency of targeted and systematic training to reduce stigma in healthcare settings. In Italy, 2024 data from the COA-ISS indicate an increase in new HIV diagnoses, many of which are late diagnoses. According to LILA, this points to a persistent lack of prevention, information, and access to testing. Furthermore, a significant proportion of people living with HIV continue to report episodes of discrimination, often within healthcare settings themselves. In light of these findings, it is essential to investigate the level of knowledge and attitudes of nursing students toward HIV infection, in order to identify potential educational gaps and propose effective training interventions. Promoting accurate preparation and a respectful approach is a crucial step toward ensuring inclusive, equitable, and prejudice-free care.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/108356