This paper analyses the complexity of Dual Diagnosis, understood as the coexistence in the same individual of a substance abuse disorder condition aggravated by a psychiatric illness, or vice versa. Starting from a historical and genealogical perspective, this work investigates how the current fragmentation between mental health services and addiction services is the result of historiographical processes, leading to the current means of care. Through the analysis of the aetiological hypotheses of the Dual Diagnosis, and by examining in depth the Self-Medication Hypothesis – supported by authors such as Miquel Casas and Khantzian – the thesis explores the view of addiction as a mere "moral vice" or social and medical deviance, interpreting it instead as a (dysfunctional) attempt by the subject to regulate a psychological pain or an indefinite and fragmented suffering. Epidemiological data confirm the relevance of the phenomenon, highlighting how comorbidity affects a significant proportion of patients, making the clinical picture more serious and the prognosis more complex. On an operational level, the research highlights the critical issues of the current system, which is often characterised by parallel but non-integrated interventions that generate the phenomenon of the patient "bouncing" between Services. In this context, the role of the Social Worker is explored as an "operational glue" and as a social worker capable of grasping the dynamics of the person's suffering, promoting networking. The professional, adopting the biopsychosocial, trifocal model and institutional advocacy tools, is called upon to promote a unified approach to care, overcoming institutional boundaries to restore dignity, quality of life and well-being to the "multi-problem patient".
Tale elaborato analizza la Doppia Diagnosi nella sua complessità, intesa come la coesistenza nel medesimo individuo di una condizione di disturbo da abuso di sostanze aggravato da una malattia psichiatrica, o viceversa. Partendo da una prospettiva storica e genealogica, questo lavoro indaga su come l’attuale frammentazione tra i servizi di salute mentale e quelli per le dipendenze sia il risultato di processi storiografici, approdando agli attuali mezzi di presa in carico. Attraverso l’analisi delle ipotesi eziologiche della Doppia Diagnosi, approfondendo l’Ipotesi dell’Automedicazione - sostenuta da autori come Miquel Casas e Khantzian - la tesi scandaglia la visione della dipendenza come mero "vizio morale" o devianza sociale e medica, interpretandola invece come un tentativo (disfunzionale) del soggetto di regolare un dolore psichico o una sofferenza indefinita e frammentata. I dati epidemiologici confermano la rilevanza del fenomeno, evidenziando come la comorbidità riguardi una quota significativa di pazienti, rendendo il quadro clinico più grave e la prognosi più complessa. Sul piano operativo, la ricerca sottolinea le criticità del sistema attuale, spesso caratterizzato da interventi paralleli ma non integrati che generano il fenomeno del "rimbalzo" del paziente tra i Servizi. In questo contesto, viene approfondito il ruolo dell'Assistente Sociale come "collante operativo" e come operatore sociale in grado di cogliere le dinamiche di sofferenza della persona, promuovendo il lavoro di rete. Il professionista, adottando il modello biopsicosociale, trifocale e strumenti di advocacy istituzionale, è chiamato a promuovere una presa in carico unitaria, superando i confini istituzionali per restituire dignità, qualità di vita e benessere al "paziente multiproblematico".
Doppia diagnosi e servizio sociale: analisi della frammentazione diagnostica e dei Servizi
BUSATO, FRANCESCO
2025/2026
Abstract
This paper analyses the complexity of Dual Diagnosis, understood as the coexistence in the same individual of a substance abuse disorder condition aggravated by a psychiatric illness, or vice versa. Starting from a historical and genealogical perspective, this work investigates how the current fragmentation between mental health services and addiction services is the result of historiographical processes, leading to the current means of care. Through the analysis of the aetiological hypotheses of the Dual Diagnosis, and by examining in depth the Self-Medication Hypothesis – supported by authors such as Miquel Casas and Khantzian – the thesis explores the view of addiction as a mere "moral vice" or social and medical deviance, interpreting it instead as a (dysfunctional) attempt by the subject to regulate a psychological pain or an indefinite and fragmented suffering. Epidemiological data confirm the relevance of the phenomenon, highlighting how comorbidity affects a significant proportion of patients, making the clinical picture more serious and the prognosis more complex. On an operational level, the research highlights the critical issues of the current system, which is often characterised by parallel but non-integrated interventions that generate the phenomenon of the patient "bouncing" between Services. In this context, the role of the Social Worker is explored as an "operational glue" and as a social worker capable of grasping the dynamics of the person's suffering, promoting networking. The professional, adopting the biopsychosocial, trifocal model and institutional advocacy tools, is called upon to promote a unified approach to care, overcoming institutional boundaries to restore dignity, quality of life and well-being to the "multi-problem patient".| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/108956