This thesis is situated within the field of biology education in preschool and proposes the butterfly life cycle as an educational experience aimed at introducing children to the observation of the living world. The research sought to investigate whether a laboratory-based approach, grounded in direct experience and observation, could foster the development of early scientific knowledge and skills, stimulate curiosity and interest in nature, and promote attitudes of care and respect towards living organisms. The study involved two groups of five-year-old children attending preschool: an experimental group, engaged in a project based on active, laboratory-oriented and experiential methodologies, centred on the direct observation of the butterfly life cycle through the rearing of Painted Lady caterpillars (Vanessa cardui), as well as on the observation of the main morphological characteristics of both caterpillars and butterflies; and a control group, involved in a learning pathway characterised by more traditional and teacher-directed teaching methods. Throughout the project, the experimental group took part in exploratory, observational, manipulative, artistic, play-based and motor activities, supported by guided discussions, hypothesis formulation and opportunities to reflect on and elaborate their experiences. The research focuses on the potential of a laboratory-based approach to promote active and participatory learning, in which children are directly involved in the construction of their own knowledge, while developing exploratory attitudes, the ability to ask questions and the capacity to formulate simple hypotheses.
Il presente elaborato si inserisce nell’ambito della didattica della biologia nella scuola dell’infanzia, proponendo il ciclo vitale della farfalla come esperienza educativa per avvicinare i bambini all’osservazione del mondo vivente. La ricerca ha inteso verificare se un percorso fondato su un approccio laboratoriale, basato sull’esperienza diretta e sull’osservazione, possa favorire lo sviluppo di prime conoscenze e competenze scientifiche, stimolare curiosità e interesse nei confronti della natura e promuovere atteggiamenti di attenzione e rispetto verso gli esseri viventi. L’indagine ha coinvolto due gruppi di bambini di cinque anni della Scuola dell’Infanzia: un gruppo sperimentale, coinvolto in un progetto basato su metodologie attive, laboratoriali ed esperienziali, fondato sull’osservazione diretta del ciclo vitale della farfalla attraverso l’allevamento di bruchi della specie (Vanessa del Cardo), nonché sull’osservazione delle principali caratteristiche morfologiche del bruco e della farfalla; e un gruppo di controllo, destinatario di un percorso caratterizzato da modalità didattiche maggiormente tradizionali e trasmissive. Durante il percorso, nel gruppo sperimentale sono state proposte attività esplorative, osservative, manipolative, grafico-pittoriche, ludiche e motorie, accompagnate da conversazioni guidate, formulazione di ipotesi e momenti di rielaborazione dell’esperienza. La ricerca si concentra sulla possibilità che un approccio laboratoriale favorisca nei bambini un apprendimento attivo e partecipato, nel quale essi siano coinvolti in prima persona nella costruzione delle proprie conoscenze, sviluppando atteggiamenti di esplorazione, capacità di porre domande e di formulare semplici ipotesi.
Dal bruco alla farfalla: la meraviglia dell'attesa. Una sperimentazione didattica nell'ambito della biologia nella scuola dell'infanzia.
PRIMOLAN, ALESSIA
2025/2026
Abstract
This thesis is situated within the field of biology education in preschool and proposes the butterfly life cycle as an educational experience aimed at introducing children to the observation of the living world. The research sought to investigate whether a laboratory-based approach, grounded in direct experience and observation, could foster the development of early scientific knowledge and skills, stimulate curiosity and interest in nature, and promote attitudes of care and respect towards living organisms. The study involved two groups of five-year-old children attending preschool: an experimental group, engaged in a project based on active, laboratory-oriented and experiential methodologies, centred on the direct observation of the butterfly life cycle through the rearing of Painted Lady caterpillars (Vanessa cardui), as well as on the observation of the main morphological characteristics of both caterpillars and butterflies; and a control group, involved in a learning pathway characterised by more traditional and teacher-directed teaching methods. Throughout the project, the experimental group took part in exploratory, observational, manipulative, artistic, play-based and motor activities, supported by guided discussions, hypothesis formulation and opportunities to reflect on and elaborate their experiences. The research focuses on the potential of a laboratory-based approach to promote active and participatory learning, in which children are directly involved in the construction of their own knowledge, while developing exploratory attitudes, the ability to ask questions and the capacity to formulate simple hypotheses.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/109051