Background The endovascular exclusion of complex aortic aneurysms using branched endovascular aortic repair (BEVAR) with inner branches represents one of the most recent innovations in the minimally invasive treatment of the visceral aorta. Currently available endografts are divided into custom-made fenestrated and/or branched devices, tailored to the individual patient's anatomy (e.g. Cook Medical), and off-the-shelf devices, often with pre-loaded inner branches (e.g. JOTEC E-nside). Structural differences between the two devices may influence procedural and mid- to long-term outcomes, and the branch outlet position may represent a morphological parameter capable of influencing procedural success; however, the prognostic impact of this parameter has not yet been systematically evaluated. Objectives Comparison of clinical and procedural outcomes of custom-made Cook Medical endografts and off-the-shelf Jotec E-nside devices in the treatment of complex aortic aneurysms by fenestrated/branched endovascular aortic repair (F/BEVAR) with inner branches. Materials and Methods Single-centre retrospective analysis including 39 patients who underwent inner-branched F/BEVAR between 2021 and 2026, of whom 14 were treated with custom-made Cook Medical endografts and 25 with Jotec E-nside. A total of 118 inner branches were analysed, of which 115 had a recorded branch outlet position. A sensitivity analysis restricted to the renal arteries and a second sensitivity analysis excluding patients with contained aneurysm rupture were performed. The primary endpoints of the study were technical success and freedom from major adverse events (MAEs) at 30 days. Results Technical success was 100% in both groups, with zero 30-day mortality. The Jotec group was characterised by significantly larger aneurysms (62.9±9.1 vs. 56.3±9.0 mm, p=0.022), more extensive thoracic coverage (164.8±80.0 vs. 86.7±86.2 mm, p=0.001), longer intraoperative time (300.4±102.0 vs. 238.9±81.0 min, p=0.046), and significantly longer hospital length of stay (15.8±9.7 vs. 7.1±4.1 days, p=0.003). The Jotec group experienced a higher rate of complications, including acute kidney injury and early reintervention, partly attributable to brachial access. Branch outlet position showed no statistically significant association with the considered outcomes; however, the upper position appears to confer some protection against target vessel instability, as it is associated with branches of lower angulation. The morphological parameter significantly associated (p=0.015) with target vessel instability was branch angulation greater than 45° (54.2±3.5° vs. 43.6±16.0°). Conclusions Both inner-branch devices demonstrated high technical success rates and zero perioperative mortality. Cook Medical endografts appear to be associated with a more favourable procedural profile related to hospital length of stay, operative time, and radiation dose, whereas Jotec devices represent the preferred choice in patients with proximal thoracic aortic disease extension, completion of prior TEVAR, and urgent presentations. Branch outlet position does not appear to constitute an independent predictor of adverse outcomes, while the clinically relevant morphological parameter is branch angulation greater than 45°, which is associated with an increased risk of target vessel instability. Furthermore, bridging stent length exceeding 80 mm is associated with a significantly higher risk of late reintervention.
Presupposti L’esclusione di aneurismi aortici complessi mediante tecnica endovascolare (EVAR) con endoprotesi ramificate (BEVAR) inner branched rappresenta una delle innovazioni più recenti nel trattamento mininvasivo dell’aorta viscerale. Le endoprotesi attualmente disponibili si dividono in custom-made fenestrate e/o ramificate, realizzate su misura in base all’anatomia di ciascun paziente (es. Cook Medical), e i dispositivi off-the-shelf, spesso con inner branch pre-cannulati (es Jotec E-nside). Le differenze presenti nella struttura dei due dispositivi possono influenzare gli outcome procedurali a medio-lungo termine, e la posizione del branch in relazione all’outlet potrebbe risultare come parametro morfologico in grado di influenzare il successo della procedura. Tuttavia l’impatto prognostico di questo parametro non è ancora stato valutato sistematicamente. Scopo dello studio Confrontare gli outcome clinici e procedurali delle endoprotesi custom-made Cook Medical e dei dispositivi off-the-shelf Jotec E-nside, nel trattamento degli aneurismi aortici complessi mediante F/BEVAR con inner branches. Materiali e metodi Analisi monocentrica retrospettiva che ha compreso 39 pazienti sottoposti a F/BEVAR inner branched tra il 2021 e il 2026, di cui 14 trattati con endoprotesi custom-made Cook Medical e 25 con Jotec E-nside. Sono stati analizzati in totale 118 inner branches, di cui 115 con posizione registrata del branch in relazione all’outlet. È stata condotta una sensitivity analysis ristretta alle sole arterie renali e una con esclusione dei pazienti con rottura contenuta dell’aneurisma. Gli endpoints primari dello studio erano il successo tecnico della procedura e l’assenza di MAE (Major Adverse Events) a 30 giorni. Risultati Il successo tecnico è stato pari al 100% in entrambi i gruppi, e la mortalità a 30 giorni nulla. Il gruppo Jotec è stato caratterizzato da aneurismi significativamente più grandi (62.9±9.1 vs 56.3±9.0 mm, p=0.022), copertura toracica più estesa (164.8±80.0 vs 86.7±86.2 mm, p=0.001), tempo intraoperatorio superiore (300.4±102.0 vs 238.9±81.0 min, p=0.046), degenza ospedaliera significativamente più lunga (15.8±9.7 vs 7.1±4.1 giorni, p=0.003). Nel gruppo Jotec si sono verificate più complicanze (insufficienza renale acuta, reintervento precoce), in parte imputabili all’accesso brachiale. La posizione del branch in relazione all’outlet non ha mostrato un’associazione statisticamente significativa con gli outcome considerati, ma sembra che la posizione upper possa determinare una protezione dall’instabilità, in quanto associata a branch con angolazione minore. Il parametro morfologico significativamente associato (p=0.015) all’instabilità del vaso target è l’angolazione del branch superiore a 45° (54.2±3.5° vs 43.6±16.0°). Conclusioni In entrambi i dispositivi inner branched si evidenzia un elevato tasso di successo tecnico e l’assenza di mortalità peri-operatoria. Le endoprotesi Cook Medical sembrano associarsi ad un profilo procedurale più favorevole in relazione alla degenza ospedaliera, tempo operatorio, dose di radiazioni, mentre i dispositivi Jotec rappresenterebbero la scelta migliore nelle patologie con estensione toracica prossimale, nei completamenti dei TEVAR e nei casi urgenti. La posizione del branch rispetto all’outlet non sembra costituire un predittore indipendente di outcome avversi, mentre il parametro morfologico clinicamente rilevante è l’angolazione del branch maggiore di 45°, che si associa ad un incremento del rischio di instabilità del vaso target. Inoltre, la lunghezza del bridging stent superiore a 80 mm è correlata ad un rischio significativamente maggiore di reintervento tardivo.
Confronto tra endoprotesi inner-branched per il trattamento di aneurismi complessi dell’aorta addominale e toraco-addominale
COGO, ANNA
2025/2026
Abstract
Background The endovascular exclusion of complex aortic aneurysms using branched endovascular aortic repair (BEVAR) with inner branches represents one of the most recent innovations in the minimally invasive treatment of the visceral aorta. Currently available endografts are divided into custom-made fenestrated and/or branched devices, tailored to the individual patient's anatomy (e.g. Cook Medical), and off-the-shelf devices, often with pre-loaded inner branches (e.g. JOTEC E-nside). Structural differences between the two devices may influence procedural and mid- to long-term outcomes, and the branch outlet position may represent a morphological parameter capable of influencing procedural success; however, the prognostic impact of this parameter has not yet been systematically evaluated. Objectives Comparison of clinical and procedural outcomes of custom-made Cook Medical endografts and off-the-shelf Jotec E-nside devices in the treatment of complex aortic aneurysms by fenestrated/branched endovascular aortic repair (F/BEVAR) with inner branches. Materials and Methods Single-centre retrospective analysis including 39 patients who underwent inner-branched F/BEVAR between 2021 and 2026, of whom 14 were treated with custom-made Cook Medical endografts and 25 with Jotec E-nside. A total of 118 inner branches were analysed, of which 115 had a recorded branch outlet position. A sensitivity analysis restricted to the renal arteries and a second sensitivity analysis excluding patients with contained aneurysm rupture were performed. The primary endpoints of the study were technical success and freedom from major adverse events (MAEs) at 30 days. Results Technical success was 100% in both groups, with zero 30-day mortality. The Jotec group was characterised by significantly larger aneurysms (62.9±9.1 vs. 56.3±9.0 mm, p=0.022), more extensive thoracic coverage (164.8±80.0 vs. 86.7±86.2 mm, p=0.001), longer intraoperative time (300.4±102.0 vs. 238.9±81.0 min, p=0.046), and significantly longer hospital length of stay (15.8±9.7 vs. 7.1±4.1 days, p=0.003). The Jotec group experienced a higher rate of complications, including acute kidney injury and early reintervention, partly attributable to brachial access. Branch outlet position showed no statistically significant association with the considered outcomes; however, the upper position appears to confer some protection against target vessel instability, as it is associated with branches of lower angulation. The morphological parameter significantly associated (p=0.015) with target vessel instability was branch angulation greater than 45° (54.2±3.5° vs. 43.6±16.0°). Conclusions Both inner-branch devices demonstrated high technical success rates and zero perioperative mortality. Cook Medical endografts appear to be associated with a more favourable procedural profile related to hospital length of stay, operative time, and radiation dose, whereas Jotec devices represent the preferred choice in patients with proximal thoracic aortic disease extension, completion of prior TEVAR, and urgent presentations. Branch outlet position does not appear to constitute an independent predictor of adverse outcomes, while the clinically relevant morphological parameter is branch angulation greater than 45°, which is associated with an increased risk of target vessel instability. Furthermore, bridging stent length exceeding 80 mm is associated with a significantly higher risk of late reintervention.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/109097