Background The introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy has transformed HIV infection into a manageable chronic condition. Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) are currently among the cornerstone antiretroviral agents owing to their high efficacy and favorable tolerability profile. Objective To compare the virological and immunological efficacy of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (BIC/FTC/TAF) and dolutegravir/abacavir/lamivudine (DTG/ABC/3TC) in treatment-naïve adults with HIV-1 infection after six months of therapy. Materials and Methods This multicenter retrospective study was conducted at the hospitals of Treviso, Vicenza, and Mestre. A total of 113 treatment-naïve patients with HIV-1 infection (74 receiving BIC/FTC/TAF and 39 receiving DTG/ABC/3TC) with baseline plasma HIV-RNA ≥1,000 copies/mL were included. Virological response, CD4+ cell count, CD4+ percentage, CD4/CD8 ratio, and percentage change in CD4+ cell count were assessed after six months of treatment. Virological response was classified into three categories: undetectable plasma HIV viremia (VPHNR), detectable plasma HIV-RNA <50 copies/mL (VPHS), and plasma HIV-RNA ≥50 copies/mL (VPHR). Results Baseline characteristics were comparable between the two groups. Virological response at six months was similar, with 74.3% of patients receiving BIC/FTC/TAF and 76.9% of those receiving DTG/ABC/3TC achieving HIV-RNA <50 copies/mL. Higher baseline HIV-RNA levels were associated with a lower likelihood of achieving complete virological suppression. Both treatment regimens resulted in significant increases in CD4+ cell count, CD4+ percentage, and CD4/CD8 ratio. In the BIC/FTC/TAF group, a better baseline immunological status was associated with a higher probability of achieving undetectable viremia, whereas this association was not observed in the DTG/ABC/3TC group. An inverse correlation was also found between baseline CD4+ cell count and the percentage increase in CD4+ cells, indicating a greater immunological recovery among patients with lower baseline CD4+ counts. Conclusions Among treatment-naïve patients with HIV-1 infection, BIC/FTC/TAF and DTG/ABC/3TC demonstrated comparable virological and immunological efficacy during the first six months of therapy. Baseline HIV-RNA remained a significant predictor of virological suppression, and differences were observed between patients achieving complete viral suppression and those with persistent low-level viremia. Furthermore, patients with lower baseline CD4+ cell counts experienced greater percentage increases in CD4+ cells, suggesting substantial immune recovery even in those with more advanced immunological impairment.
Background L’introduzione della terapia antiretrovirale combinata ha trasformato l’infezione da HIV in una condizione cronica controllabile. Gli inibitori dell’integrasi (INSTI) rappresentano oggi uno dei pilastri terapeutici grazie alla loro elevata efficacia e tollerabilità. Scopo dello studio Confrontare l’efficacia virologica e immunologica dei regimi bictegravir/emtricitabina/tenofovir alafenamide (BIC/FTC/TAF) e dolutegravir/abacavir/lamivudina (DTG/ABC/3TC) in pazienti adulti con infezione da HIV-1 naïve al trattamento dopo sei mesi di terapia. Materiali e metodi Studio multicentrico retrospettivo condotto presso gli ospedali di Treviso, Vicenza e Mestre. Sono stati inclusi 113 pazienti HIV-1 naïve (74 trattati con BIC/FTC/TAF e 39 con DTG/ABC/3TC) con HIV-RNA ≥1000 copie/ml al basale. Sono stati valutati risposta virologica, conta e percentuale dei CD4+, rapporto CD4/CD8 e variazione percentuale dei CD4+ dopo sei mesi. La risposta virologica è stata classificata in tre categorie: VPHNR (viremia non rilevabile), VPHS (HIV-RNA<50 copie/ml) e VPHR (HIV-RNA≥50 copie/ml). Risultati Le caratteristiche basali sono risultate sovrapponibili tra i due gruppi. La risposta virologica a sei mesi è stata comparabile, con il 74,3% dei pazienti trattati con BIC/FTC/TAF e il 76,9% di quelli trattati con DTG/ABC/3TC che hanno raggiunto una viremia <50 copie/ml. Valori più elevati di HIV-RNA al basale sono risultati associati a una minore probabilità di ottenere una completa soppressione virologica. Entrambi i regimi hanno determinato un incremento significativo della conta dei CD4+, della percentuale di CD4+ e del rapporto CD4/CD8. Nel gruppo BIC/FTC/TAF, uno stato immunologico basale migliore è risultato associato a una maggiore probabilità di raggiungere una viremia non rilevabile, associazione non confermata nel gruppo DTG/ABC/3TC. È stata inoltre osservata una correlazione inversa tra conta dei CD4+ al basale e incremento percentuale dei CD4+, indicando un recupero immunologico più marcato nei pazienti con valori iniziali più bassi. Conclusioni Nei pazienti con infezione da HIV-1 naïve al trattamento, BIC/FTC/TAF e DTG/ABC/3TC hanno mostrato un’efficacia virologica e immunologica comparabile nei primi sei mesi di terapia. Il valore basale di HIV-RNA si conferma un predittore della soppressione virologica e sono emerse differenze tra i pazienti con completa assenza di replicazione virale e quelli con viremia residua a bassa carica. Inoltre, i pazienti con conta dei CD4+ inizialmente più bassa hanno mostrato incrementi percentuali maggiori, suggerendo un recupero immunologico significativo anche nei soggetti maggiormente compromessi.
Cinetica virale precoce in pazienti naive con infezione da HIV-1 trattati con bictegravir/emtricitabina/tenofovir alafenamide o dolutegravir/abacavir/lamivudina: studio retrospettivo multicentrico
ARATARI, DESSIA
2025/2026
Abstract
Background The introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy has transformed HIV infection into a manageable chronic condition. Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) are currently among the cornerstone antiretroviral agents owing to their high efficacy and favorable tolerability profile. Objective To compare the virological and immunological efficacy of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (BIC/FTC/TAF) and dolutegravir/abacavir/lamivudine (DTG/ABC/3TC) in treatment-naïve adults with HIV-1 infection after six months of therapy. Materials and Methods This multicenter retrospective study was conducted at the hospitals of Treviso, Vicenza, and Mestre. A total of 113 treatment-naïve patients with HIV-1 infection (74 receiving BIC/FTC/TAF and 39 receiving DTG/ABC/3TC) with baseline plasma HIV-RNA ≥1,000 copies/mL were included. Virological response, CD4+ cell count, CD4+ percentage, CD4/CD8 ratio, and percentage change in CD4+ cell count were assessed after six months of treatment. Virological response was classified into three categories: undetectable plasma HIV viremia (VPHNR), detectable plasma HIV-RNA <50 copies/mL (VPHS), and plasma HIV-RNA ≥50 copies/mL (VPHR). Results Baseline characteristics were comparable between the two groups. Virological response at six months was similar, with 74.3% of patients receiving BIC/FTC/TAF and 76.9% of those receiving DTG/ABC/3TC achieving HIV-RNA <50 copies/mL. Higher baseline HIV-RNA levels were associated with a lower likelihood of achieving complete virological suppression. Both treatment regimens resulted in significant increases in CD4+ cell count, CD4+ percentage, and CD4/CD8 ratio. In the BIC/FTC/TAF group, a better baseline immunological status was associated with a higher probability of achieving undetectable viremia, whereas this association was not observed in the DTG/ABC/3TC group. An inverse correlation was also found between baseline CD4+ cell count and the percentage increase in CD4+ cells, indicating a greater immunological recovery among patients with lower baseline CD4+ counts. Conclusions Among treatment-naïve patients with HIV-1 infection, BIC/FTC/TAF and DTG/ABC/3TC demonstrated comparable virological and immunological efficacy during the first six months of therapy. Baseline HIV-RNA remained a significant predictor of virological suppression, and differences were observed between patients achieving complete viral suppression and those with persistent low-level viremia. Furthermore, patients with lower baseline CD4+ cell counts experienced greater percentage increases in CD4+ cells, suggesting substantial immune recovery even in those with more advanced immunological impairment.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/109418