International students are at heightened risk for loneliness and social isolation, yet the internal psychological mechanisms that sustain this isolation remain underexplored. This thesis examines loneliness among international students through the lens of adult attachment theory, arguing that self-reliance, understood as a deactivating strategy characteristic of avoidant attachment, constitutes a significant barrier to connection and help-seeking. The thesis integrates research on types of loneliness in student populations, cognitive regulatory models of isolation, and adult attachment styles, with particular attention to the dismissing-avoidant orientation. Drawing on the concept of compulsive self-reliance and related concepts from other theoretical traditions, the thesis proposes that the paradox of students who desire connection yet actively withdraw from it is best understood within an attachment framework. To illustrate this, qualitative narratives are analyzed from international students who participated in a psychosocial group intervention at the University of Padua. Analysis of session transcripts reveals recurring patterns of emotional suppression, devaluation of attachment, and the explicit identification of self-sufficiency as a personal value and definition of well-being. The discussion addresses implications for intervention design, advocating for approaches that target the internalized equation of need with weakness. Self-compassion and cultivation of interdependence are proposed as promising directions for future research and practice.
Gli studenti internazionali sono particolarmente esposti al rischio di solitudine e isolamento sociale, tuttavia i meccanismi psicologici interni che sostengono tale isolamento rimangono ancora poco esplorati. Questa tesi analizza la solitudine tra gli studenti internazionali attraverso la lente della teoria dell’attaccamento in età adulta, sostenendo che l’autosufficienza, intesa come strategia di disattivazione tipica dell’attaccamento evitante, costituisce un ostacolo significativo alla creazione di relazioni e alla ricerca di aiuto. La tesi integra ricerche sui diversi tipi di solitudine nelle popolazioni studentesche, sui modelli cognitivi di regolazione dell’isolamento e sugli stili di attaccamento in età adulta, con particolare attenzione all’orientamento dismissivo-evitante. Facendo riferimento al concetto di autosufficienza compulsiva e a concetti affini provenienti da altre tradizioni teoriche, la tesi propone che il paradosso degli studenti che desiderano connessione ma al tempo stesso si ritirano attivamente dalle relazioni possa essere compreso al meglio all’interno della cornice teorica dell’attaccamento. A titolo illustrativo, vengono analizzate narrazioni qualitative di studenti internazionali che hanno partecipato a un intervento psicosociale di gruppo presso l’Università di Padova. L’analisi delle trascrizioni delle sessioni rivela pattern ricorrenti di soppressione emotiva, svalutazione dell’attaccamento e identificazione esplicita dell’autosufficienza come valore personale e definizione di benessere. La discussione affronta inoltre le implicazioni per la progettazione degli interventi, sostenendo approcci che mirino a modificare l’equazione interiorizzata secondo cui il bisogno degli altri equivale a debolezza. L’auto-compassione e la coltivazione dell’interdipendenza vengono proposte come direzioni promettenti per la ricerca e la pratica future.
“Distance above is distance nevertheless”: Untangling loneliness, avoidant attachment and self-reliance in international students.
DUKINA, DARIA
2025/2026
Abstract
International students are at heightened risk for loneliness and social isolation, yet the internal psychological mechanisms that sustain this isolation remain underexplored. This thesis examines loneliness among international students through the lens of adult attachment theory, arguing that self-reliance, understood as a deactivating strategy characteristic of avoidant attachment, constitutes a significant barrier to connection and help-seeking. The thesis integrates research on types of loneliness in student populations, cognitive regulatory models of isolation, and adult attachment styles, with particular attention to the dismissing-avoidant orientation. Drawing on the concept of compulsive self-reliance and related concepts from other theoretical traditions, the thesis proposes that the paradox of students who desire connection yet actively withdraw from it is best understood within an attachment framework. To illustrate this, qualitative narratives are analyzed from international students who participated in a psychosocial group intervention at the University of Padua. Analysis of session transcripts reveals recurring patterns of emotional suppression, devaluation of attachment, and the explicit identification of self-sufficiency as a personal value and definition of well-being. The discussion addresses implications for intervention design, advocating for approaches that target the internalized equation of need with weakness. Self-compassion and cultivation of interdependence are proposed as promising directions for future research and practice.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/109706