This thesis analyzes gender equality within organizational contexts, shifting the perspective from a purely ethical concern to a strategic pillar of governance and a driver of sustainable development. Adopting a multi-level approach, the research examines the evolution of international and national regulatory frameworks, highlighting how the transition from formal to substantive equality requires concrete operational tools capable of dismantling stratified discrimination. The first section focuses on international treaties ranging from the 1979 CEDAW Convention to the 2019 ILO Convention No. 190 and recent European directives (2022-2023) concerning pay transparency and gender balance on corporate boards. Particular attention is paid to the Italian context, where Law 162/2021 and the Gender Equality Certification (UNI/PdR 125:2022) represent new standards of accountability. Furthermore, the integration of statistical data, such as the Italy Gender Equality Index (IGEI), allows for a mapping of territorial criticalities, identifying the "Time" domain and the burden of care work as the primary obstacles to women's professional growth in Italy. The second part of the thesis delves into the psycho-social and organizational dimensions, analyzing the phenomenology of implicit biases that distort merit evaluation. Through an examination of classic experimental studies (such as the research by Moss-Racusin and Correll), it is demonstrated how unconscious prejudices continue to penalize women both in accessing STEM careers and in progressing toward leadership roles (vertical segregation and the "glass ceiling"). In conclusion, the thesis contends that overcoming gender gaps necessitates the adoption of a Gender Equality Plan (GEP) based on objective and measurable Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). Only through "Symmetry by Design" and a culture of transparency is it possible to transform equality from a bureaucratic cost into a fundamental strategic lever for the efficiency, competitiveness, and sustainability of modern enterprises.
Il presente lavoro di tesi si propone di analizzare la parità di genere all’interno dei contesti organizzativi non più come una mera istanza etica, ma come un pilastro strategico di governance e un motore di sviluppo sostenibile. Attraverso un approccio multilivello, l’indagine esamina l'evoluzione del quadro normativo internazionale e nazionale, evidenziando come la transizione dalla parità formale a quella sostanziale richieda strumenti operativi concreti in grado di scardinare discriminazioni stratificate. Nella prima parte, l’analisi si focalizza sui trattati internazionali dalla Convenzione CEDAW del 1979 alla Convenzione OIL n. 190 del 2019 e sulle recenti direttive europee (2022-2023) in materia di trasparenza salariale e rappresentanza nei vertici societari. Particolare attenzione è rivolta al contesto italiano, dove la Legge 162/2021 e la Certificazione della Parità di Genere (UNI/PdR 125:2022) rappresentano i nuovi standard di accountability. L’integrazione di dati statistici, come l’Italy Gender Equality Index (IGEI), permette inoltre di mappare le criticità territoriali, individuando nel dominio del "Tempo" e nel carico di cura i principali ostacoli alla crescita professionale femminile nel nostro Paese. La seconda parte della tesi approfondisce la dimensione psico-sociale e organizzativa, analizzando la fenomenologia dei bias impliciti che distorcono la valutazione del merito. Attraverso la disamina di studi sperimentali classici (come le ricerche di Moss-Racusin e Correll), viene dimostrato come pregiudizi inconsci continuino a penalizzare le donne sia nell'accesso alle carriere STEM sia nella progressione verso ruoli di leadership (segregazione verticale e glass ceiling). In conclusione, la tesi sostiene che il superamento dei divari di genere non possa prescindere dall'adozione di un Gender Equality Plan (GEP) basato su indicatori di prestazione (KPI) oggettivi e misurabili. Solo attraverso una "Symmetry by Design" e una cultura della trasparenza è possibile trasformare la parità da costo burocratico a leva strategica fondamentale per l'efficienza, la competitività e la sostenibilità delle aziende moderne.
L’ARCHITETTURA DELLA PARITÀ: PROCESSI E STRATEGIE PER IL SUPERAMENTO DEI DIVARI DI GENERE IN AZIENDA
FAVA, FRANCESCA
2025/2026
Abstract
This thesis analyzes gender equality within organizational contexts, shifting the perspective from a purely ethical concern to a strategic pillar of governance and a driver of sustainable development. Adopting a multi-level approach, the research examines the evolution of international and national regulatory frameworks, highlighting how the transition from formal to substantive equality requires concrete operational tools capable of dismantling stratified discrimination. The first section focuses on international treaties ranging from the 1979 CEDAW Convention to the 2019 ILO Convention No. 190 and recent European directives (2022-2023) concerning pay transparency and gender balance on corporate boards. Particular attention is paid to the Italian context, where Law 162/2021 and the Gender Equality Certification (UNI/PdR 125:2022) represent new standards of accountability. Furthermore, the integration of statistical data, such as the Italy Gender Equality Index (IGEI), allows for a mapping of territorial criticalities, identifying the "Time" domain and the burden of care work as the primary obstacles to women's professional growth in Italy. The second part of the thesis delves into the psycho-social and organizational dimensions, analyzing the phenomenology of implicit biases that distort merit evaluation. Through an examination of classic experimental studies (such as the research by Moss-Racusin and Correll), it is demonstrated how unconscious prejudices continue to penalize women both in accessing STEM careers and in progressing toward leadership roles (vertical segregation and the "glass ceiling"). In conclusion, the thesis contends that overcoming gender gaps necessitates the adoption of a Gender Equality Plan (GEP) based on objective and measurable Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). Only through "Symmetry by Design" and a culture of transparency is it possible to transform equality from a bureaucratic cost into a fundamental strategic lever for the efficiency, competitiveness, and sustainability of modern enterprises.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/109707