Study Objective This retrospective observational study aims to quantify the incidence and assess the severity of cutaneous toxicities (irAEs) in a cohort of 706 advanced melanoma patients treated with ICIs at the Veneto Oncology Institute (IOV) in Padua. The primary objective is to analyze the multidisciplinary interface between oncologists and dermatologists, including the reasons for specialist referral (severity of lesions, intensity of symptoms such as pruritus, diagnostic doubts), to demonstrate how active collaboration is essential to optimize the care pathway and prevent inappropriate discontinuations of life-saving oncological therapy. Results Through a shared clinical pathway, a sub-cohort of 157 patients was referred for dermatological evaluation, allowing the isolation of a final sample of 18 subjects with a formal diagnosis of immune-related cutaneous toxicity (irAE). The final sample demonstrates a clear male predominance (83.3%) and a median age of 63.89 years. The most frequent clinical phenotypes were psoriasiform eruption (33.3%, found exclusively in men) and intense pruritus (33.3%, cross-sectional between genders), followed by vitiligo (22.2%) and erythematous eruption (22.2%). Nivolumab monotherapy was the most frequently utilized drug (83.3%). Dermatological management relied primarily on topical corticosteroids (50%), photoprotection, and emollients, supported by systemic therapies in indicated cases. Within the context of this combined approach, no immunotherapeutic discontinuations due to cutaneous toxicities were recorded (0.0%). Despite the limitations associated with sample size and gender imbalance, the analysed experience suggests that multidisciplinary collaboration can serve as a valuable tool to support the continuity of life-saving oncological therapy. Discussion The emerging results highlight the potential importance of the multidisciplinary interface, considering that approximately one-fifth of the examined population (22.2% of patients) was referred for specialist dermatological consultation. This trend suggests that clinical needs during oncological treatments are frequent and heterogeneous, ranging from the management of pre-existing dermatoses to the resolution of diagnostic doubts or subjective symptoms. Within the subgroup of patients with a formal diagnosis of immune-related toxicity (irAE), the adoption of targeted therapeutic strategies—primarily based on topical agents and emollients, combined with systemic therapies where deemed appropriate—appears to have contributed to a favourable control of dermo-epidermal manifestations. The positive trend observed in this sample finds significant validation in the absence of immunotherapy discontinuations specifically due to cutaneous toxicities. This finding, although limited, supports the hypothesis that early dermatological management can positively influence treatment continuity. Conclusions In conclusion, while considering the intrinsic limitations of this study related to the small sample size and the gender characteristics of the cohort, the analysed experience suggests that systematic collaboration between oncologists and dermatologists may represent a highly useful clinical resource. This synergy appears oriented not only toward improving the patient's quality of life but also toward preventing potential inappropriate suspensions of oncological therapies. To confirm these observations and to define clinical biomarkers or predictive factors of toxicity with greater accuracy, extending multivariate analyses to the entire patient cohort appears highly desirable.
Obiettivi dello studio: Lo studio osservazionale retrospettivo si propone di quantificare l'incidenza e valutare la gravità delle tossicità cutanee (irAEs) in una coorte di 706 pazienti con melanoma avanzato trattati con ICI presso l'Istituto Oncologico Veneto (IOV) di Padova. L'obiettivo principale è analizzare l'interfaccia multidisciplinare tra oncologo e dermatologo, comprendendo le motivazioni dell'invio specialistico (gravità delle lesioni, intensità dei sintomi come il prurito, dubbi diagnostici) per dimostrare come la collaborazione attiva sia essenziale per ottimizzare il percorso di cura, prevenendo sospensioni inappropriate della terapia oncologica salvavita. Risultati: Attraverso un percorso clinico condiviso, una sotto-coorte di 157 pazienti è stata inviata a valutazione dermatologica, permettendo di isolare un campione finale di 18 soggetti con diagnosi formale di tossicità cutanea immuno-correlata (irAE). Il campione finale evidenzia una netta prevalenza maschile (83,3%) e un'età media di 63,89 anni. I fenotipi clinici più frequenti sono stati l'eruzione psoriasiforme (33,3%, riscontrata esclusivamente negli uomini) e il prurito intenso (33,3%, trasversale tra i generi), seguiti da vitiligine (22,2%) ed eruzione eritematosa (22,2%). Il nivolumab in monoterapia è risultato il farmaco più impiegato (83,3%). La gestione dermatologica si è basata principalmente su corticosteroidi topici (50%), fotoprotezione ed emollienti, affiancati nei casi indicati da terapie sistemiche; nel contesto di questo approccio combinato, non sono state registrate interruzioni dell'immunoterapia a causa delle tossicità cutanee (0,0%). Nonostante i limiti legati alla numerosità campionaria e allo sbilanciamento di genere, l'esperienza analizzata suggerisce come la collaborazione multidisciplinare possa configurarsi come uno strumento utile per supportare la continuità della terapia oncologica salvavita. Discussione: I risultati emersi evidenziano l'importanza potenziale dell'interfaccia multidisciplinare, considerando che circa un quinto della popolazione esaminata (il 22,2% dei pazienti) è stato indirizzato al consulto specialistico dermatologico. Questo orientamento suggerisce come le necessità cliniche nel corso dei trattamenti oncologici siano frequenti ed eterogenee, spaziando dalla gestione di dermatosi preesistenti fino alla risoluzione di dubbi diagnostici o sintomi soggettivi. Nel sottogruppo di pazienti con diagnosi formale di tossicità immuno-correlata (irAEs), l'adozione di strategie terapeutiche mirate — basate principalmente su presidi topici ed emollienti, associati a terapie sistemiche laddove ritenuto opportuno — sembra aver contribuito a un controllo favorevole delle manifestazioni dermo-epidermiche. La tendenza positiva osservata in questo campione trova un riscontro significativo nell'assenza di interruzioni dell'immunoterapia dovute specificamente a tossicità cutanee. Questo dato, seppur circoscritto, supporta l'ipotesi che una gestione dermatologica precoce possa influire positivamente sulla continuità dei trattamenti. Conclusioni: In conclusione, pur considerando i limiti intrinseci di questo studio legati alla numerosità campionaria ridotta e alle caratteristiche di genere della coorte, l'esperienza analizzata suggerisce che la collaborazione sistematica tra oncologo e dermatologo possa rappresentare una risorsa clinica di grande utilità. Questa sinergia appare orientata non solo al miglioramento della qualità di vita del paziente, ma anche alla prevenzione di possibili sospensioni inappropriate delle terapie oncologiche. Per confermare queste osservazioni e definire con maggiore accuratezza eventuali biomarcatori clinici o fattori predittivi di tossicità, sarebbe auspicabile l'estensione delle analisi multivariate all'intera coorte di pazienti.
Tossicità cutanea da immunocheckpoint inhibitors in pazienti trattati per melanoma: analisi descrittiva dell'esperienza di un Centro Dermatologico ad alto volume/clinica Dermatologica di Padova
PACENZA, MATILDE
2025/2026
Abstract
Study Objective This retrospective observational study aims to quantify the incidence and assess the severity of cutaneous toxicities (irAEs) in a cohort of 706 advanced melanoma patients treated with ICIs at the Veneto Oncology Institute (IOV) in Padua. The primary objective is to analyze the multidisciplinary interface between oncologists and dermatologists, including the reasons for specialist referral (severity of lesions, intensity of symptoms such as pruritus, diagnostic doubts), to demonstrate how active collaboration is essential to optimize the care pathway and prevent inappropriate discontinuations of life-saving oncological therapy. Results Through a shared clinical pathway, a sub-cohort of 157 patients was referred for dermatological evaluation, allowing the isolation of a final sample of 18 subjects with a formal diagnosis of immune-related cutaneous toxicity (irAE). The final sample demonstrates a clear male predominance (83.3%) and a median age of 63.89 years. The most frequent clinical phenotypes were psoriasiform eruption (33.3%, found exclusively in men) and intense pruritus (33.3%, cross-sectional between genders), followed by vitiligo (22.2%) and erythematous eruption (22.2%). Nivolumab monotherapy was the most frequently utilized drug (83.3%). Dermatological management relied primarily on topical corticosteroids (50%), photoprotection, and emollients, supported by systemic therapies in indicated cases. Within the context of this combined approach, no immunotherapeutic discontinuations due to cutaneous toxicities were recorded (0.0%). Despite the limitations associated with sample size and gender imbalance, the analysed experience suggests that multidisciplinary collaboration can serve as a valuable tool to support the continuity of life-saving oncological therapy. Discussion The emerging results highlight the potential importance of the multidisciplinary interface, considering that approximately one-fifth of the examined population (22.2% of patients) was referred for specialist dermatological consultation. This trend suggests that clinical needs during oncological treatments are frequent and heterogeneous, ranging from the management of pre-existing dermatoses to the resolution of diagnostic doubts or subjective symptoms. Within the subgroup of patients with a formal diagnosis of immune-related toxicity (irAE), the adoption of targeted therapeutic strategies—primarily based on topical agents and emollients, combined with systemic therapies where deemed appropriate—appears to have contributed to a favourable control of dermo-epidermal manifestations. The positive trend observed in this sample finds significant validation in the absence of immunotherapy discontinuations specifically due to cutaneous toxicities. This finding, although limited, supports the hypothesis that early dermatological management can positively influence treatment continuity. Conclusions In conclusion, while considering the intrinsic limitations of this study related to the small sample size and the gender characteristics of the cohort, the analysed experience suggests that systematic collaboration between oncologists and dermatologists may represent a highly useful clinical resource. This synergy appears oriented not only toward improving the patient's quality of life but also toward preventing potential inappropriate suspensions of oncological therapies. To confirm these observations and to define clinical biomarkers or predictive factors of toxicity with greater accuracy, extending multivariate analyses to the entire patient cohort appears highly desirable.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/109871