Creatine is a naturally occurring compound involved in cellular energy metabolism and plays a key role in skeletal muscle function through the phosphocreatine system. Due to its ergogenic effects, creatine supplementation has become one of the most widely studied strategies in sports nutrition and clinical research. Although creatine monohydrate remains the gold standard formulation, several novel creatine products have recently been developed with the aim of improving solubility, stability, and bioavailability. The aim of this thesis is to examine the structure, metabolism, physiological role, and pharmacokinetics of creatine, with particular emphasis on the different formulations currently available and their systemic absorption. In addition to the literature review, a proposed experimental protocol is presented to evaluate the pharmacokinetic profile of a novel creatine formulation, Creamix, by comparing it with creatine monohydrate through the determination of plasma creatine concentrations following oral administration in healthy subjects. This work also discusses the current scientific evidence regarding creatine supplementation, tissue uptake, and potential applications in sports performance and health.
La creatina è un composto naturalmente presente nell’organismo coinvolto nel metabolismo energetico cellulare e svolge un ruolo fondamentale nella funzione del muscolo scheletrico attraverso il sistema fosfocreatina. Grazie ai suoi effetti ergogenici, la supplementazione di creatina è diventata una delle strategie più studiate nell’ambito della nutrizione sportiva e della ricerca clinica. Sebbene la creatina monoidrato rappresenti ancora la formulazione di riferimento maggiormente validata scientificamente, negli ultimi anni sono stati sviluppati nuovi prodotti a base di creatina con l’obiettivo di migliorarne solubilità, stabilità e biodisponibilità. L’obiettivo di questa tesi è analizzare la struttura, il metabolismo, il ruolo fisiologico e la farmacocinetica della creatina, con particolare attenzione alle diverse formulazioni disponibili e al loro assorbimento sistemico. Inoltre, viene presentato e discusso un protocollo sperimentale proposto per valutare il profilo farmacocinetico di una nuova formulazione di creatina, Creamix, confrontandola con la creatina monoidrato attraverso la determinazione delle concentrazioni plasmatiche di creatina dopo somministrazione orale in soggetti sani.
Time course of plasma creatine concentrations following oral administration of a novel creatine formulation
CALGAROTTO, LORENZO
2025/2026
Abstract
Creatine is a naturally occurring compound involved in cellular energy metabolism and plays a key role in skeletal muscle function through the phosphocreatine system. Due to its ergogenic effects, creatine supplementation has become one of the most widely studied strategies in sports nutrition and clinical research. Although creatine monohydrate remains the gold standard formulation, several novel creatine products have recently been developed with the aim of improving solubility, stability, and bioavailability. The aim of this thesis is to examine the structure, metabolism, physiological role, and pharmacokinetics of creatine, with particular emphasis on the different formulations currently available and their systemic absorption. In addition to the literature review, a proposed experimental protocol is presented to evaluate the pharmacokinetic profile of a novel creatine formulation, Creamix, by comparing it with creatine monohydrate through the determination of plasma creatine concentrations following oral administration in healthy subjects. This work also discusses the current scientific evidence regarding creatine supplementation, tissue uptake, and potential applications in sports performance and health.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/110194