This thesis examines the legal and social status of women in ancient Rome, with particular attention to their participation in economic and entrepreneurial activities. The first chapter reconstructs the position of women in Roman society, highlighting their legal subordination and the evolution of their status from the Archaic to the Imperial period. The second chapter explores the development of the main forms of exchange in the Roman economy and the gradual expansion of commercial trade. Particular attention is devoted to the evolution of Roman attitudes towards commerce, which was initially considered subordinate to agriculture, as well as to the legal mechanisms that enabled patres familiasto entrust the management of economic activities to appointed representatives. The third chapter focuses on the Roman figlinae, analysing the production of bricks and amphorae as a particularly significant context for investigating women's participation in productive activities. The study reconstructs the different ways in which women were involved in this sector and concludes with an examination of the case of Calvia Crispinilla, who represents a significant example of a woman entrepreneur engaged in the management of an important productive estate. The thesis aims to demonstrate that, despite operating within a deeply patriarchal legal system, some women were able to take part in economic and entrepreneurial activities, assuming a more significant role than has traditionally been acknowledged.
La presente tesi analizza la condizione giuridico-sociale della donna nell’antica Roma, con particolare attenzione alla sua partecipazione nelle attività economiche e imprenditoriali. Il primo capitolo ricostruisce la posizione della donna nella società romana, evidenziandone la subordinazione giuridica e l'evoluzione del suo status tra età arcaica ed età imperiale. Il secondo capitolo esamina lo sviluppo delle principali forme di scambio nell'economia romana e la progressiva espansione dei traffici commerciali. Particolare attenzione è dedicata all'evoluzione del pensiero romano nei confronti del commercio, inizialmente subordinato all'attività agricola, nonché agli strumenti giuridici che consentirono ai patres familias di affidare la gestione delle attività economiche a soggetti preposti. Il terzo capitolo approfondisce il settore delle figlinae romane, analizzando la produzione laterizia e anforaria quale ambito privilegiato per osservare la presenza femminile nelle attività produttive. La ricerca ricostruisce le modalità di partecipazione delle donne a tali attività, per poi soffermarsi sul caso di Calvia Crispinilla, quale esempio significativo di imprenditrice attiva nella gestione di un importante patrimonio produttivo. La ricerca intende evidenziare come, pur all'interno di un ordinamento profondamente patriarcale, alcune donne siano riuscite a inserirsi nelle dinamiche economiche e imprenditoriali, assumendo un ruolo più rilevante di quanto tradizionalmente riconosciuto.
Donne imprenditrici nel mondo romano: il caso di Calvia Crispinilla
BENAZZATO, ILIANA
2025/2026
Abstract
This thesis examines the legal and social status of women in ancient Rome, with particular attention to their participation in economic and entrepreneurial activities. The first chapter reconstructs the position of women in Roman society, highlighting their legal subordination and the evolution of their status from the Archaic to the Imperial period. The second chapter explores the development of the main forms of exchange in the Roman economy and the gradual expansion of commercial trade. Particular attention is devoted to the evolution of Roman attitudes towards commerce, which was initially considered subordinate to agriculture, as well as to the legal mechanisms that enabled patres familiasto entrust the management of economic activities to appointed representatives. The third chapter focuses on the Roman figlinae, analysing the production of bricks and amphorae as a particularly significant context for investigating women's participation in productive activities. The study reconstructs the different ways in which women were involved in this sector and concludes with an examination of the case of Calvia Crispinilla, who represents a significant example of a woman entrepreneur engaged in the management of an important productive estate. The thesis aims to demonstrate that, despite operating within a deeply patriarchal legal system, some women were able to take part in economic and entrepreneurial activities, assuming a more significant role than has traditionally been acknowledged.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/110323