This thesis explores the Elephant Random Walk (ERW), a random walk model characterized by a complete memory of its past. The first chapter recalls the fundamental concepts of classical random walks and martingale theory, providing the theoretical background necessary for the analysis. The ERW model is then presented, deriving exact expressions for the first two moments and identifying its three asymptotic regimes. The rest of the work focuses on the study of the asymptotic behavior and the related limit theorems, addressed through two different methods. The first relies on martingale theory to prove the convergence of the normalized position, while the second exploits the connection between the ERW and generalized Pólya urns, offering a rigorous confirmation of the obtained results.
Questa tesi esplora l'Elephant Random Walk (ERW), un modello di passeggiata aleatoria caratterizzato da una memoria completa del proprio passato. Il primo capitolo richiama i concetti fondamentali delle passeggiate aleatorie classiche e della teoria delle martingale, fornendo la base teorica necessaria all'analisi. Viene poi presentato il modello ERW, ricavando le espressioni esatte per i primi due momenti e identificandone i tre regimi asintotici. Il resto dell'elaborato si concentra sullo studio del comportamento asintotico e sui relativi teoremi limite, affrontati attraverso due metodi differenti. Il primo si avvale della teoria delle martingale per dimostrare la convergenza della posizione normalizzata, mentre il secondo sfrutta la connessione tra l'ERW e le urne di Pólya generalizzate, offrendo una rigorosa conferma dei risultati ottenuti.
Martingale e urne di Pólya nell’Elephant Random Walk
MICHIELON, LEONARDO
2025/2026
Abstract
This thesis explores the Elephant Random Walk (ERW), a random walk model characterized by a complete memory of its past. The first chapter recalls the fundamental concepts of classical random walks and martingale theory, providing the theoretical background necessary for the analysis. The ERW model is then presented, deriving exact expressions for the first two moments and identifying its three asymptotic regimes. The rest of the work focuses on the study of the asymptotic behavior and the related limit theorems, addressed through two different methods. The first relies on martingale theory to prove the convergence of the normalized position, while the second exploits the connection between the ERW and generalized Pólya urns, offering a rigorous confirmation of the obtained results.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/111026