The process that led women to achieve political rights, initiated with the granting of suffrage in New Zealand in 1893, consolidated globally between the 20th and 21st centuries. This evolution inaugurated a new political era in which women have become increasingly active participants, reaching prominent positions within the ranks of both progressive and conservative parties. This thesis investigates this very phenomenon: the rise of female figures to the highest decision-making levels within political parties that, traditionally, would have excluded them from the public and political sphere. Through a theoretical and historical approach, the research analyzes the relationship between conservative thought and right-wing female leadership. The analysis moves from the historical foundations of conservatism to the rise of iconic figures such as Margaret Thatcher, whose political legacy redefined the concept of female power. The study then shifts to the government dynamics of the 21st century, examining in a comparative key the political figures of Angela Merkel in the European context (German Chancellor from 22/11/2005 to 8/12/2021) and Sanae Takaichi in the Asian scenario (Japanese Prime Minister since 21/10/2025). Specifically, the investigation explores how gender identity and political affiliation intersect in the management of power. Finally, the thesis seeks to answer the central question: why, within the context of conservative parties, do women succeed in reaching top-tier positions. The research seeks to answer the research question by suggesting that female leadership in conservative environment is favoured by the fact that these women conform to the patriarchal models prevailing in human society. Consequently, they are not seen as an enemy, but rather welcomed as guarantors of the existing status quo.
Il processo che ha portato le donne all'ottenimento dei diritti politici, avviato con la concessione del suffragio in Nuova Zelanda nel 1893, si è consolidato a livello globale tra il XX e il XXI secolo. Questa evoluzione ha inaugurato una nuova era politica che ha visto le donne divenire sempre più parti attive, riuscendo a raggiungere anche posizioni di rilievo, sia nei partiti progressisti che in quelli conservatori. La presente tesi indaga proprio questo fenomeno: l’ascesa di figure femminili che hanno raggiunto i massimi livelli decisionali all'interno di quei partiti che tradizionalmente le avrebbero escluse dalla sfera pubblica e politica. Attraverso un approccio teorico e storico, la tesi analizza il rapporto tra il pensiero conservatore e la leadership femminile di destra. L’analisi si muoverà attraverso un excursus storico sul conservatorismo per giungere poi all’ascesa di storiche figure femminili di destra, come Margaret Thatcher, la cui eredità politica ha ridefinito il concetto di potere femminile. L'indagine si sposterà poi sulle dinamiche di governo del XXI secolo, esaminando in chiave comparata le figure politiche di Angela Merkel nel contesto europeo (cancelliera tedesca dal 22/11/2005 all’8/12/2021) e Sanae Takaichi nello scenario asiatico (prima ministra giapponese dal 21/10/2025). In particolare, l'aspetto indagato riguarderà come la loro identità di genere e l'appartenenza politica si intrecciano nella gestione del potere. Infine, la tesi mira a rispondere al quesito centrale: perché nei contesti dei partiti conservatori le donne esse riescono a raggiungere posizioni apicali. Si cercherà dunque di rispondere alla domanda di ricerca con una tesi che suggerisce che la leadership femminile in contesti conservatori è favorita soprattutto dal fatto che queste donne si uniformano al modello maschile e patriarcale che domina nella società umana e che quindi non vengono viste come un nemico, ma anzi accolte come garanti del sistema esistente.
Conservatorismo e leadership femminile. Perché le donne che raggiungono i vertici politici appartengono a partiti conservatori.
CALABRESE, CHIARA
2025/2026
Abstract
The process that led women to achieve political rights, initiated with the granting of suffrage in New Zealand in 1893, consolidated globally between the 20th and 21st centuries. This evolution inaugurated a new political era in which women have become increasingly active participants, reaching prominent positions within the ranks of both progressive and conservative parties. This thesis investigates this very phenomenon: the rise of female figures to the highest decision-making levels within political parties that, traditionally, would have excluded them from the public and political sphere. Through a theoretical and historical approach, the research analyzes the relationship between conservative thought and right-wing female leadership. The analysis moves from the historical foundations of conservatism to the rise of iconic figures such as Margaret Thatcher, whose political legacy redefined the concept of female power. The study then shifts to the government dynamics of the 21st century, examining in a comparative key the political figures of Angela Merkel in the European context (German Chancellor from 22/11/2005 to 8/12/2021) and Sanae Takaichi in the Asian scenario (Japanese Prime Minister since 21/10/2025). Specifically, the investigation explores how gender identity and political affiliation intersect in the management of power. Finally, the thesis seeks to answer the central question: why, within the context of conservative parties, do women succeed in reaching top-tier positions. The research seeks to answer the research question by suggesting that female leadership in conservative environment is favoured by the fact that these women conform to the patriarchal models prevailing in human society. Consequently, they are not seen as an enemy, but rather welcomed as guarantors of the existing status quo.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/111197