Effects of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonist and Sodium-glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors on the N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide concentrations: a meta-analysis approach.

The purpose of this work is to demonstrate, through a meta-analysis of the main scientific works on the subject, the efficacy of two categories of recently introduced drugs in the therapy of diabetes - glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1) and sodium-glucose cotransporters 2 inhibitors (SLGT-2) - with particular attention to patients with heart failure. With worsening epidemiological trends for both the incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and heart failure (HF) worldwide, it is critical to implement optimal prevention and treatment strategies for patients with these comorbidities, either alone or concomitantly. Several guidelines and consensus statements have recommended GLP-1 and SLGT-2 as add-ons to lifestyle interventions with or without metformin in those at high atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk. In addition to the international health emergency represented by diabetes with the consequent increase in cardiovascular diseases, the scope of this thesis is to describe the mechanisms of action of the aforementioned molecules and methods used in the meta-analysis.