This thesis analyses the evolution of the Italian national energy system over the period 2020–2090, with the aim of identifying the most cost-effective renewable energy transition strategy. Using an optimization model developed in Python and based on the Gurobi solver, three renewable energy penetration strategies are simulated — Early Investment, Linear, and Late Investment — all reaching a 90% renewable share by 2090. The analysis covers three geographic macro-regions (North, Centre, South) and three representative seasonal profiles, integrating production, storage, and energy distribution technologies. Results are evaluated under three distinct economic scenarios: a base scenario, a reduced-cost scenario, and an alternative base scenario. In the base scenario, the Linear strategy proves to be the most economically advantageous overall, with a cumulative cost of 3,090,899 €/day, owing to the optimal balance between reducing fossil fuel expenditure and gradually investing in renewable technologies. The remaining two scenarios demonstrate that, under favourable market conditions with cost reductions concentrated in the final phase of the time horizon, the Late Investment strategy can become competitive. The study concludes that planning a steady and gradual growth of renewable energy represents the most robust pathway for Italy's energy transition, while highlighting the potential advantages of deferred investment strategies under specific economic conditions.
La presente tesi analizza l'evoluzione del sistema energetico nazionale italiano nell'arco temporale 2020–2090, con l'obiettivo di individuare la strategia di transizione verso le fonti rinnovabili economicamente più vantaggiosa. Attraverso un modello di ottimizzazione sviluppato in Python, basato sul risolutore Gurobi, vengono simulate tre strategie di penetrazione delle rinnovabili — Early Investment, Lineare e Late Investment — che portano tutte a una quota del 90% entro il 2090. L'analisi considera tre macroregioni geografiche (Nord, Centro, Sud) e tre stagionalità tipiche, integrando tecnologie di produzione, accumulo e distribuzione dell'energia. I risultati sono valutati sotto tre scenari economici distinti: uno scenario base, uno a costi ridotti e uno scenario base alternativo. Nello scenario base, la strategia Lineare risulta quella complessivamente più conveniente, con un costo cumulativo di 3.090.899 €/giorno, grazie al bilanciamento ottimale tra riduzione dei costi dei combustibili fossili e investimento graduale nelle tecnologie rinnovabili. Gli altri due scenari dimostrano invece che, in presenza di condizioni di mercato favorevoli e di una riduzione dei costi concentrata nell'ultima fase dell'orizzonte temporale, la strategia Late Investment può risultare competitiva. Lo studio conclude che la pianificazione di una crescita costante e graduale delle energie rinnovabili rappresenta il percorso più robusto per la transizione energetica italiana, pur evidenziando margini di vantaggio per strategie di investimento posticipato in contesti economici specifici.
Progetto del sistema energetico nazionale nella transizione all’uso di sole fonti rinnovabili
GIURIATTI, MASSIMILIANO
2025/2026
Abstract
This thesis analyses the evolution of the Italian national energy system over the period 2020–2090, with the aim of identifying the most cost-effective renewable energy transition strategy. Using an optimization model developed in Python and based on the Gurobi solver, three renewable energy penetration strategies are simulated — Early Investment, Linear, and Late Investment — all reaching a 90% renewable share by 2090. The analysis covers three geographic macro-regions (North, Centre, South) and three representative seasonal profiles, integrating production, storage, and energy distribution technologies. Results are evaluated under three distinct economic scenarios: a base scenario, a reduced-cost scenario, and an alternative base scenario. In the base scenario, the Linear strategy proves to be the most economically advantageous overall, with a cumulative cost of 3,090,899 €/day, owing to the optimal balance between reducing fossil fuel expenditure and gradually investing in renewable technologies. The remaining two scenarios demonstrate that, under favourable market conditions with cost reductions concentrated in the final phase of the time horizon, the Late Investment strategy can become competitive. The study concludes that planning a steady and gradual growth of renewable energy represents the most robust pathway for Italy's energy transition, while highlighting the potential advantages of deferred investment strategies under specific economic conditions.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Giuriatti_Massimiliano_prova_finale.pdf
Accesso riservato
Dimensione
467.24 kB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
467.24 kB | Adobe PDF |
The text of this website © Università degli studi di Padova. Full Text are published under a non-exclusive license. Metadata are under a CC0 License
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/111332