This thesis aims to analyze Maria Montessori’s thought and explain why her method remains so relevant in today's educational services. The study starts from the origins of "scientific pedagogy," born from her experience with children with developmental disabilities, and then describes the new image of the child as a protagonist—an active being capable of learning through their "absorbent mind." In the first part, the research focuses on the pillars of the method: the role of the adult, who must facilitate learning rather than impose it, and the importance of a prepared environment tailored to the child, designed to foster autonomy and free choice. Particular attention is given to the distinction between Montessori development materials and the traditional teaching aids used in conventional schools. The study then delves into the "sensitive periods," understood as crucial windows of opportunity for the child, and the concept of active discipline. In the final section, the work examines the global spread of the method and its practical application within daycare centers and preschools (0-6) in Italy, in alignment with national guidelines. The thesis concludes by analyzing recent scientific research and neuroscience, which confirm the benefits of the Montessori model for cognitive and social growth, demonstrating the continued validity and strength of an educational model established over a century ago.
L’elaborato intende analizzare il pensiero di Maria Montessori e spiegare perché il suo metodo sia ancora così attuale nei servizi educativi di oggi. Il lavoro parte dalle origini della pedagogia scientifica, nata dall'esperienza con i bambini frenastenici, per poi descrivere la nuova idea di bambino, quale protagonista, essere attivo e capace di imparare grazie alla sua “mente assorbente”. Nella prima parte, lo studio si concentra sui pilastri del metodo: il ruolo dell’adulto, che non deve imporsi ma facilitare l'apprendimento, e l'importanza di un ambiente preparato a misura di bambino, capace di favorire l’autonomia e la libera scelta. Particolare attenzione è rivolta alla distinzione tra materiali montessoriani e materiali didattici delle scuole tradizionali. Si approfondiscono poi i “periodi sensitivi”, intesi come importanti finestre di opportunità per il bambino e il concetto di disciplina attiva. Nella parte finale, viene esaminata la diffusione del metodo nel mondo e la sua applicazione pratica nei nidi e nelle scuole dell'infanzia (0-6) in Italia, in linea con gli Orientamenti nazionali. Il lavoro si conclude analizzando le recenti ricerche scientifiche e le neuroscienze, che confermano i benefici del modello montessoriano per la crescita cognitiva e sociale, dimostrando la validità e la forza di un modello educativo nato oltre un secolo fa.
Maria Montessori e le Case dei Bambini: dal metodo storico alla pedagogia contemporanea
OBETTI, VERONICA
2025/2026
Abstract
This thesis aims to analyze Maria Montessori’s thought and explain why her method remains so relevant in today's educational services. The study starts from the origins of "scientific pedagogy," born from her experience with children with developmental disabilities, and then describes the new image of the child as a protagonist—an active being capable of learning through their "absorbent mind." In the first part, the research focuses on the pillars of the method: the role of the adult, who must facilitate learning rather than impose it, and the importance of a prepared environment tailored to the child, designed to foster autonomy and free choice. Particular attention is given to the distinction between Montessori development materials and the traditional teaching aids used in conventional schools. The study then delves into the "sensitive periods," understood as crucial windows of opportunity for the child, and the concept of active discipline. In the final section, the work examines the global spread of the method and its practical application within daycare centers and preschools (0-6) in Italy, in alignment with national guidelines. The thesis concludes by analyzing recent scientific research and neuroscience, which confirm the benefits of the Montessori model for cognitive and social growth, demonstrating the continued validity and strength of an educational model established over a century ago.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/112126