Bobsleigh is a sport that relies heavily on technological progress. Olympic competitions are decided by hundredths of a second, and aerodynamic efficiency is the discriminating technological factor for maximizing performance. Therefore, participating teams are forced to constantly seek innovative solutions and cutting-edge technologies to increase their chances of success. This thesis aims to analyze bobsleigh aerodynamics, evaluating the complex fluid interaction between cowling, setup and crew, in compliance with the constraints imposed by the IBSF regulations. To achieve this goal, the forces acting on the bobsleigh during the descent and the fluid-dynamic principles governing its motion are first analyzed. Mathematical foundations (Navier-Stokes and Euler equations) are then introduced to explain the behavior of air, the importance of the Prandtl hypothesis, and the concept of the boundary layer. The transition of the boundary layer from laminar to turbulent and the pressure gradient are analyzed; in particular, the forces opposing the body's advancement are explained. The reference studies focused on optimizing elements such as cowling geometries, bumper shapes, ground clearance, nose design, and crew positioning. These works employed computational fluid dynamics (CFD), wind tunnel experiments, and prototype testing under real track conditions.
Il bob è uno sport che si basa fortemente sul progresso tecnologico. Le competizioni olimpioniche si decidono per centesimi di secondo, l’efficienza aerodinamica rappresenta il fattore tecnologico discriminante per la massimizzazione delle prestazioni. I team partecipanti sono, per questo motivo, costretti a ricercare costantemente soluzioni innovative e tecnologie all'avanguardia, per aumentare le loro possibilità di successo. Il presente lavoro di tesi si propone di analizzare l’aerodinamica del bob, valutando la complessa interazione fluida tra carenatura, assetto ed equipaggio, nel rispetto dei vincoli imposti dal regolamento IBSF. Per raggiungere tale scopo, vengono prima analizzate le forze che agiscono sul bob durante la discesa e i principi fluidodinamici che governano il suo moto. Vengono, quindi, introdotti i fondamenti matematici (equazioni di Navier-Stokes ed Eulero) per spiegare il comportamento dell'aria, l'importanza dell'ipotesi di Prandtl e del concetto di strato limite. Si analizza la transizione dello strato limite da laminare a turbolento e il gradiente di pressione e si spiegano, in particolare, le forze che si oppongono all’avanzamento del corpo. Gli studi presi di riferimento si sono concentrati sull’ ottimizzazione di elementi quali: geometrie di carenatura, forma dei paraurti, altezza da terra, design del muso e posizionamento dell'equipaggio. Questi lavori hanno impiegato dinamica computazionale dei fluidi (CFD), esperimenti in galleria del vento e test di prototipi in reali condizioni di pista.
L'aerodinamica del bob: ottimizzazione fluida di carenatura, assetto ed equipaggio per la massimizzazione delle prestazioni
MARCOLIN, IRENE
2025/2026
Abstract
Bobsleigh is a sport that relies heavily on technological progress. Olympic competitions are decided by hundredths of a second, and aerodynamic efficiency is the discriminating technological factor for maximizing performance. Therefore, participating teams are forced to constantly seek innovative solutions and cutting-edge technologies to increase their chances of success. This thesis aims to analyze bobsleigh aerodynamics, evaluating the complex fluid interaction between cowling, setup and crew, in compliance with the constraints imposed by the IBSF regulations. To achieve this goal, the forces acting on the bobsleigh during the descent and the fluid-dynamic principles governing its motion are first analyzed. Mathematical foundations (Navier-Stokes and Euler equations) are then introduced to explain the behavior of air, the importance of the Prandtl hypothesis, and the concept of the boundary layer. The transition of the boundary layer from laminar to turbulent and the pressure gradient are analyzed; in particular, the forces opposing the body's advancement are explained. The reference studies focused on optimizing elements such as cowling geometries, bumper shapes, ground clearance, nose design, and crew positioning. These works employed computational fluid dynamics (CFD), wind tunnel experiments, and prototype testing under real track conditions.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/112306