This thesis analyzes the phenomenon of femicide from a geographical and comparative perspective, focusing on Italy and Spain through the most similar systems design method. The research is situated within the field of gender geography and examines how different legal, cultural, and media contexts influence the representation, prevention, and spatial distribution of gender-based violence in the two countries. The first section explores the theoretical concepts of gender geography, femicide, and feminicide, highlighting the role of structural inequalities and patriarchy in the construction of social spaces. The study then examines the different legal frameworks adopted by the two countries: Italy, characterized by a more recent and mainly repressive approach, and Spain, which since 2004 has implemented a more centralized and preventive system through the Ley Orgánica de Medidas de Protección Integral contra la Violencia de Género and the VioGén system. The thesis also focuses on public and media debate, showing how journalistic language contributes to shaping different representations of gender violence in the two countries: more sensationalist and victim-blaming in Italy, and more institutional and prevention-oriented in Spain. Finally, through the analysis of statistical data and the territorial distribution of femicides between 2020 and 2025, the study highlights the different characteristics of the phenomenon in the two national contexts. Although both countries have recorded a decrease in cases, Spain shows a more structured institutional system in terms of data collection, prevention measures, and victim support. The research therefore demonstrates how legal and cultural differences can concretely affect the management and perception of the phenomenon, emphasizing the need for integrated policies, affective-sexual education, and more effective prevention tools.
Il presente elaborato analizza il fenomeno del femminicidio in una prospettiva geografica e comparativa, mettendo a confronto Italia e Spagna attraverso il metodo del most similar systems design. La ricerca si colloca nell’ambito della geografia di genere e prende in esame come differenti contesti normativi, culturali e mediatici influenzino la rappresentazione, la prevenzione e la distribuzione spaziale della violenza di genere nei due Paesi. Nella prima parte vengono approfonditi i concetti teorici di geografia e genere, femminicidio e femmicidio, evidenziando il ruolo delle disuguaglianze strutturali e del patriarcato nella costruzione degli spazi sociali. Successivamente si analizzano i differenti quadri normativi: da un lato l’Italia, caratterizzata da un approccio più recente e prevalentemente repressivo, dall’altro la Spagna, che dal 2004 adotta un sistema maggiormente centralizzato e preventivo grazie alla Ley Orgánica de Medidas de Protección Integral contra la Violencia de Género e al sistema VioGén. L’elaborato si concentra inoltre sul dibattito pubblico e mediatico, mostrando come nei due Paesi il linguaggio giornalistico contribuisca a costruire differenti rappresentazioni della violenza di genere: più spettacolarizzata e colpevolizzante nei confronti della vittima in Italia, più istituzionale e orientata alla prevenzione in Spagna. Infine, attraverso l’analisi dei dati statistici e della distribuzione territoriale dei femminicidi tra il 2020 e il 2025, emerge come il fenomeno presenti caratteristiche differenti nei due contesti nazionali. Pur registrando un calo dei casi in entrambi i Paesi, la Spagna mostra una maggiore strutturazione istituzionale nella raccolta dei dati, nella prevenzione e nell’assistenza alle vittime. La ricerca evidenzia quindi come le differenze normative e culturali possano incidere concretamente sulla gestione e sulla percezione del fenomeno, sottolineando la necessità di politiche integrate, educazione affettivo-sessuale e strumenti di prevenzione più efficaci
La geografia del femminicidio: una comparazione tra Italia e Spagna
GARDIN, LAURA
2025/2026
Abstract
This thesis analyzes the phenomenon of femicide from a geographical and comparative perspective, focusing on Italy and Spain through the most similar systems design method. The research is situated within the field of gender geography and examines how different legal, cultural, and media contexts influence the representation, prevention, and spatial distribution of gender-based violence in the two countries. The first section explores the theoretical concepts of gender geography, femicide, and feminicide, highlighting the role of structural inequalities and patriarchy in the construction of social spaces. The study then examines the different legal frameworks adopted by the two countries: Italy, characterized by a more recent and mainly repressive approach, and Spain, which since 2004 has implemented a more centralized and preventive system through the Ley Orgánica de Medidas de Protección Integral contra la Violencia de Género and the VioGén system. The thesis also focuses on public and media debate, showing how journalistic language contributes to shaping different representations of gender violence in the two countries: more sensationalist and victim-blaming in Italy, and more institutional and prevention-oriented in Spain. Finally, through the analysis of statistical data and the territorial distribution of femicides between 2020 and 2025, the study highlights the different characteristics of the phenomenon in the two national contexts. Although both countries have recorded a decrease in cases, Spain shows a more structured institutional system in terms of data collection, prevention measures, and victim support. The research therefore demonstrates how legal and cultural differences can concretely affect the management and perception of the phenomenon, emphasizing the need for integrated policies, affective-sexual education, and more effective prevention tools.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/112579