This thesis examines the evolution of modern Ethiopian theatre during the 20th century, analyzing it as a fundamental field of negotiation between tradition, political power, and instances of modernization. By studying established historiographical sources—such as the works of Bahru Zewde, Jane Plastow, and Aboneh Ashagrie—and integrating unpublished materials from a private family archive, the research investigates how the stage was transformed from an instrument of imperial celebration into a space for cultural resilience and collective memory. The study is organized into three main areas. First, it analyzes the role of theatre in the construction of national identity under the reign of Haile Selassie I, highlighting how the establishment of the Hager Fikir Theatre (1941) fostered the professionalization of the sector. Second, it explores the theme of female empowerment, tracing the transition from male characters en travesti to the emergence of the first female actresses and playwrights. In this section, the testimony and archival materials related to the career of an actress of that era offer a unique and personal perspective on the artistic condition of women. Finally, the research examines the impact of censorship in preserving a critical function through complex encodings. In conclusion, the thesis demonstrates that Ethiopian theatre was an active participant in the country's modernization process, capable of combining the millenary heritage of the Empire with new Ethiopian cultural sensibilities, finding in the family archive a precious testimony of the resilience that characterized the artistic scene of the last century.
Questa tesi esamina l'evoluzione del teatro etiope moderno durante il XX secolo, analizzandolo come un fondamentale campo di negoziazione tra tradizione, potere politico e istanze di modernizzazione. Attraverso lo studio di fonti storiografiche consolidate, quali i lavori di Bahru Zewde, Jane Plastow e Aboneh Ashagrie, e l’integrazione di materiali inediti provenienti da un archivio familiare privato, la ricerca indaga come il palcoscenico si sia trasformato da strumento di celebrazione imperiale a spazio di resilienza culturale e memoria collettiva. Il lavoro si articola in tre direzioni principali. In primo luogo, si analizza il ruolo del teatro nella costruzione dell'identità nazionale sotto il regno di Haile Selassie I, evidenziando come l'istituzione dell'Hager Fikir Theatre (1941) abbia favorito la professionalizzazione del settore. In secondo luogo, viene approfondito il tema dell'emancipazione femminile, tracciando il passaggio dai ruoli maschili en travesti all'emergere delle prime attrici e drammaturghe. In questa sezione, la testimonianza e i materiali d'archivio legati alla carriera di un'attrice dell'epoca offrono uno sguardo unico e personale sulla condizione artistica femminile. Infine, si esamina l'impatto della censura nel preservare una funzione critica attraverso codifiche complesse. In conclusione, la tesi dimostra che il teatro etiope è stato un attore attivo nel processo di modernizzazione del Paese, capace di coniugare l'eredità millenaria dell'Impero con le nuove sensibilità culturali etiopi, trovando nell'archivio familiare una preziosa testimonianza di quella resilienza che ha caratterizzato la scena artistica del secolo scorso.
Il teatro etiope moderno: un percorso tra tradizione, resilienza ed emancipazione.
CIUTO, SOFIA
2025/2026
Abstract
This thesis examines the evolution of modern Ethiopian theatre during the 20th century, analyzing it as a fundamental field of negotiation between tradition, political power, and instances of modernization. By studying established historiographical sources—such as the works of Bahru Zewde, Jane Plastow, and Aboneh Ashagrie—and integrating unpublished materials from a private family archive, the research investigates how the stage was transformed from an instrument of imperial celebration into a space for cultural resilience and collective memory. The study is organized into three main areas. First, it analyzes the role of theatre in the construction of national identity under the reign of Haile Selassie I, highlighting how the establishment of the Hager Fikir Theatre (1941) fostered the professionalization of the sector. Second, it explores the theme of female empowerment, tracing the transition from male characters en travesti to the emergence of the first female actresses and playwrights. In this section, the testimony and archival materials related to the career of an actress of that era offer a unique and personal perspective on the artistic condition of women. Finally, the research examines the impact of censorship in preserving a critical function through complex encodings. In conclusion, the thesis demonstrates that Ethiopian theatre was an active participant in the country's modernization process, capable of combining the millenary heritage of the Empire with new Ethiopian cultural sensibilities, finding in the family archive a precious testimony of the resilience that characterized the artistic scene of the last century.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/113398