Living our own body means experiencing a reality that is shaped not only by its physical characteristics, but also by the way it is perceived, represented, and evaluated. It is precisely within the possible discrepancy between the physical body and the perceived body that the issue of body misperception emerges, a particularly relevant phenomenon in Feeding and Eating Disorders. This thesis aims to explore this relationship by considering body misperception not only in relation to the estimation of body size, but also through the different perceptual, sensory, cognitive, and social components involved in the experience of the body. The study also examines the role of digital content and the ways in which alterations in body perception have been addressed through different interventions, ultimately considering future perspectives. The first chapter provides the theoretical framework needed to address the topic, beginning with the clinical classification of Feeding and Eating Disorders and subsequently exploring how the body is represented. It therefore considers the distinction between body image and body schema, peripersonal space, and some of the neuroanatomical bases involved in body representation. Building on this framework, the second chapter addresses the central focus of the thesis and examines body misperception in Feeding and Eating Disorders across different dimensions, including body-size estimation, interoception, spatial representation, and the integration of multisensory information. Particular attention is paid to differences in the methods and tools used across studies, as well as to findings that are not always consistent. The third chapter broadens the analysis to the sociocultural and digital context, exploring the role of social comparison and the ways in which the body is observed, presented, and evaluated on social media. It considers the shift from images to videos, the selective construction of one’s online image, social feedback, and certain types of digital content related to Feeding and Eating Disorders. The chapter also examines social media literacy strategies, while distinguishing between the mere amount of platform use and the characteristics of the content encountered, as well as the ways in which users interact with it. Finally, the fourth chapter returns to body misperception from an intervention perspective. After reviewing some of the earlier approaches based on mirror exposure, video feedback, and direct work with bodily experience, their main limitations are discussed. The focus then shifts to contemporary interventions, including body exposure, therapeutic applications of immersive virtual reality, and body-oriented therapies. The chapter concludes by examining the challenges that still affect their implementation and future perspectives aimed at achieving a more personalized approach to intervention.
Abitare il proprio corpo significa fare esperienza di una realtà che non coincide soltanto con le sue caratteristiche fisiche, ma anche con il modo in cui viene percepita, rappresentata e valutata. È proprio nella possibile distanza tra corpo fisico e corpo percepito che si inserisce il tema della dispercezione corporea, particolarmente rilevante nei Disturbi della Nutrizione e dell’Alimentazione. Questa tesi si propone di approfondire tale rapporto, considerando la dispercezione non solo in relazione alla stima delle dimensioni corporee, ma attraverso le diverse componenti percettive, sensoriali, cognitive e sociali coinvolte nell’esperienza del corpo. Il lavoro prende inoltre in esame il ruolo del contenuto digitale e le modalità attraverso cui le alterazioni della percezione corporea sono state affrontate negli interventi, fino alle prospettive future. Il primo capitolo costruisce il quadro teorico necessario per affrontare il tema, partendo dall’inquadramento clinico dei Disturbi della Nutrizione e dell’Alimentazione e approfondendo successivamente il modo in cui il corpo viene rappresentato. Vengono quindi considerate la distinzione tra immagine corporea e schema corporeo, lo spazio peripersonale e alcune delle basi neuroanatomiche coinvolte nella rappresentazione del corpo. Su questa premessa, il secondo capitolo entra nel nucleo centrale della tesi e analizza la dispercezione corporea dei DNA attraverso dimensioni differenti, tra cui la stima della taglia corporea, l’interocezione, la rappresentazione dello spazio e l’integrazione delle informazioni multisensoriali, ponendo particolare attenzione alle differenze tra gli studenti utilizzati negli studi e ai risultati non sempre convergenti. Il terzo capitolo amplia l’analisi al contesto socioculturale e digitale, approfondendo il ruolo del confronto sociale e delle modalità attraverso cui il corpo viene osservato, presentato e valutato sui social media. Vengono considerati il passaggio dall’immagine al video, la costruzione selettiva della propria immagine online, il feedback sociale e alcuni contenuti digitali legati ai Disturbi della Nutrizione e dell’Alimentazione. Il capitolo prende inoltre in esame le strategie di alfabetizzazione ai social media, mantenendo distinta la semplice quantità di utilizzo delle piattaforme dalle caratteristiche dei contenuti e dalle modalità con cui gli utenti vi interagiscono. Il quanto capitolo torna infine alla dispercezione corporea dal punto di vista dell’intervento. Dopo aver ricostruito alcune delle prime modalità basate sul confronto allo specchio, sui videofeedback e sul lavoro diretto con l’esperienza corporea, ne vengono discussi i principali limiti. L’attenzione si sposta quindi sugli interventi contemporanei, tra cui l’esposizione corporea, alcune applicazioni terapeutiche della realtà virtuale immersiva e terapie orientate al corpo, fino ad arrivare alle difficoltà ancora presenti nella loro applicazione e alle prospettive future rivolte a una maggiore personalizzazione dell’intervento.
Abitare un corpo distorto: percezione corporea e disturbi della nutrizione e dell'alimentazione
PAGOTTO, ALICE
2025/2026
Abstract
Living our own body means experiencing a reality that is shaped not only by its physical characteristics, but also by the way it is perceived, represented, and evaluated. It is precisely within the possible discrepancy between the physical body and the perceived body that the issue of body misperception emerges, a particularly relevant phenomenon in Feeding and Eating Disorders. This thesis aims to explore this relationship by considering body misperception not only in relation to the estimation of body size, but also through the different perceptual, sensory, cognitive, and social components involved in the experience of the body. The study also examines the role of digital content and the ways in which alterations in body perception have been addressed through different interventions, ultimately considering future perspectives. The first chapter provides the theoretical framework needed to address the topic, beginning with the clinical classification of Feeding and Eating Disorders and subsequently exploring how the body is represented. It therefore considers the distinction between body image and body schema, peripersonal space, and some of the neuroanatomical bases involved in body representation. Building on this framework, the second chapter addresses the central focus of the thesis and examines body misperception in Feeding and Eating Disorders across different dimensions, including body-size estimation, interoception, spatial representation, and the integration of multisensory information. Particular attention is paid to differences in the methods and tools used across studies, as well as to findings that are not always consistent. The third chapter broadens the analysis to the sociocultural and digital context, exploring the role of social comparison and the ways in which the body is observed, presented, and evaluated on social media. It considers the shift from images to videos, the selective construction of one’s online image, social feedback, and certain types of digital content related to Feeding and Eating Disorders. The chapter also examines social media literacy strategies, while distinguishing between the mere amount of platform use and the characteristics of the content encountered, as well as the ways in which users interact with it. Finally, the fourth chapter returns to body misperception from an intervention perspective. After reviewing some of the earlier approaches based on mirror exposure, video feedback, and direct work with bodily experience, their main limitations are discussed. The focus then shifts to contemporary interventions, including body exposure, therapeutic applications of immersive virtual reality, and body-oriented therapies. The chapter concludes by examining the challenges that still affect their implementation and future perspectives aimed at achieving a more personalized approach to intervention.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/113419