The rapid technological advances in industrial automation are driving the need for communication protocols capable of providing higher bandwidth and greater immunity to interference. The 10BASE-T1S standard aims to overcome the limitations of established technologies such as RS-485 by extending Ethernet connectivity over a single twisted pair down to the sensor level. This enables straightforward integration through native IP connectivity while providing a significant improvement in communication performance. However, given the relative novelty of this technology, its reliability and signal integrity in demanding industrial environments must be thoroughly validated before large-scale deployment. This thesis presents the development and implementation of a test architecture for evaluating the performance of 10BASE-T1S under different operating conditions. The analysis began with the validation of a point-to-point connection and was subsequently extended to a multidrop topology using commercial evaluation boards. In this configuration, controlled modifications were introduced into the experimental setup to deliberately stress the communication system and investigate its operational limits. The network infrastructure was evaluated in two main domains. At the logical and transport levels, performance was quantified by measuring actual throughput and packet loss during UDP packet transmission between nodes. At the physical layer, signal integrity was assessed through eye diagrams acquired using an oscilloscope, evaluating the resilience of the bus under different capacitive loading conditions and impedance mismatches. The experimental results demonstrated reliable operation of an eight-node network over a 26 m bus and showed only limited performance degradation even under deliberately induced physical stress conditions. Overall, this work highlights both the potential and the critical aspects of 10BASE-T1S Single Pair Ethernet technology and provides architectural guidelines for its future integration into proprietary industrial devices.
Considerati i rapidi avanzamenti tecnologici nel settore dell'automazione industriale, emerge la necessità di adottare protocolli di comunicazione in grado di garantire maggiore larghezza di banda e robustezza alle interferenze. Lo standard 10BASE-T1S si propone di superare i limiti di tecnologie consolidate come l'RS-485, portando l'infrastruttura Ethernet su un singolo doppino intrecciato fino al livello del sensore. Ciò consente un'integrazione fluida tramite connettività IP nativa e un netto miglioramento delle prestazioni. Tuttavia, data la relativa novità di questa tecnologia, è fondamentale validarne l'affidabilità e l'integrità del segnale in ambienti industriali critici prima di un'implementazione su larga scala. Questo lavoro di tesi presenta lo sviluppo e l'implementazione di un'architettura di collaudo per la valutazione delle prestazioni del protocollo 10BASE-T1S in diverse condizioni operative. L'analisi è stata condotta partendo dalla validazione di un collegamento point-to-point, per poi estendersi allo studio della topologia multidrop mediante l'impiego di evaluation board commerciali. In tale configurazione sono state introdotte specifiche alterazioni al setup sperimentale, mirate a stressare la comunicazione al fine di determinarne i limiti operativi. La validazione dell'infrastruttura di rete si è articolata su due domini di indagine. A livello logico e di trasporto, le prestazioni sono state quantificate misurando il throughput reale e il packet loss durante lo scambio di pacchetti UDP tra i nodi. A livello fisico, l'integrità del segnale è stata analizzata mediante l'acquisizione di diagrammi a occhio all'oscilloscopio, valutando la resilienza del bus al variare delle condizioni di carico capacitivo e dei disadattamenti di impedenza. I risultati sperimentali hanno validato la robustezza del protocollo per una rete a 8 nodi su 26 metri e hanno inoltre dimostrato un ridotto degrado delle prestazioni pur in presenza di stress fisici appositamente indotti. In definitiva, l'elaborato inquadra le potenzialità e le criticità di questa tecnologia Single Pair Ethernet, fornendo delle linee guida architetturali per una sua futura integrazione all'interno di dispositivi industriali proprietari.
10BASE-T1S per applicazioni industriali: analisi della robustezza del livello fisico su bus Single Pair Ethernet multidrop
BERTON, GIULIO
2025/2026
Abstract
The rapid technological advances in industrial automation are driving the need for communication protocols capable of providing higher bandwidth and greater immunity to interference. The 10BASE-T1S standard aims to overcome the limitations of established technologies such as RS-485 by extending Ethernet connectivity over a single twisted pair down to the sensor level. This enables straightforward integration through native IP connectivity while providing a significant improvement in communication performance. However, given the relative novelty of this technology, its reliability and signal integrity in demanding industrial environments must be thoroughly validated before large-scale deployment. This thesis presents the development and implementation of a test architecture for evaluating the performance of 10BASE-T1S under different operating conditions. The analysis began with the validation of a point-to-point connection and was subsequently extended to a multidrop topology using commercial evaluation boards. In this configuration, controlled modifications were introduced into the experimental setup to deliberately stress the communication system and investigate its operational limits. The network infrastructure was evaluated in two main domains. At the logical and transport levels, performance was quantified by measuring actual throughput and packet loss during UDP packet transmission between nodes. At the physical layer, signal integrity was assessed through eye diagrams acquired using an oscilloscope, evaluating the resilience of the bus under different capacitive loading conditions and impedance mismatches. The experimental results demonstrated reliable operation of an eight-node network over a 26 m bus and showed only limited performance degradation even under deliberately induced physical stress conditions. Overall, this work highlights both the potential and the critical aspects of 10BASE-T1S Single Pair Ethernet technology and provides architectural guidelines for its future integration into proprietary industrial devices.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/114231