Cardiovascular diseases represent one of the leading causes of global mortality, highlighting the limitations of traditional medical therapies and the need for innovative clinical approaches. In this context, tissue engineering and 3D bioprinting emerge as cutting-edge solutions for the fabrication of functional living tissues, constituting a valid alternative to traditional 2D cultures. This paper aims to outline, from a technical and scientific perspective, the state of the art and the applications of 3D bioprinting in the field of cardiac tissue engineering. After a brief overview of the key concepts of tissue engineering and the main bioprinting technologies, the analysis will focus on the materials and biological components necessary for the realization of bioinks. The use of decellularized matrices and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) will be explored, leading to a discussion of current strategies for vascularization and post-bioprinting tissue maturation. Finally, today's applications such as in vitro disease models, drug screening, and cardiac patches for regenerative medicine will be illustrated.
Le malattie cardiovascolari rappresentano una delle principali cause di mortalità a livello globale, evidenziando i limiti delle terapie mediche tradizionali e la necessità di approcci clinici innovativi. In questo contesto, l’ingegneria tissutale e la biostampa 3D si propongono come soluzioni all'avanguardia per la fabbricazione di tessuti viventi funzionali, costituendo una valida alternativa alle tradizionali colture 2D. Il presente elaborato si propone di delineare, da un punto di vista tecnico e scientifico, lo stato dell'arte e le applicazioni della biostampa 3D nell’ambito dell’ingegneria tissutale cardiaca. Dopo una breve panoramica sui concetti chiave dell'ingegneria tissutale e sulle principali tecnologie di biostampa, l'analisi si concentrerà sui materiali e sulle componenti biologiche necessari alla realizzazione dei bioinchiostri. Verrà esplorato l'impiego di matrici decellularizzate e delle cellule staminali pluripotenti indotte (iPSCs), arrivando a discutere le attuali strategie di vascolarizzazione e maturazione post-bioprinting del tessuto. Infine, verranno illustrate le odierne applicazioni quali modelli di malattia in vitro, screening farmacologici e patch cardiaci per la medicina rigenerativa.
Biostampa 3D di tessuto cardiaco
FARINATI, BARTOLOMEO
2025/2026
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases represent one of the leading causes of global mortality, highlighting the limitations of traditional medical therapies and the need for innovative clinical approaches. In this context, tissue engineering and 3D bioprinting emerge as cutting-edge solutions for the fabrication of functional living tissues, constituting a valid alternative to traditional 2D cultures. This paper aims to outline, from a technical and scientific perspective, the state of the art and the applications of 3D bioprinting in the field of cardiac tissue engineering. After a brief overview of the key concepts of tissue engineering and the main bioprinting technologies, the analysis will focus on the materials and biological components necessary for the realization of bioinks. The use of decellularized matrices and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) will be explored, leading to a discussion of current strategies for vascularization and post-bioprinting tissue maturation. Finally, today's applications such as in vitro disease models, drug screening, and cardiac patches for regenerative medicine will be illustrated.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/114501