Anthropogenic disturbance may influence the behavior and spatial distribution of colony domestic cat populations (Felis catus) living in urban and peri-urban environments. This study aims to quantify the time budget and activity patterns of a managed Trap-Neuter-Return (TNR) colony on the Universidade Lusófona campus (Lisbon, Portugal), comparing behavioral differences between weekdays and weekends as a proxy for human disturbance levels. Data were collected by two observers using scan and focal animal sampling over 25 hours of observation across two distinct observation sites (P1 and P2), involving 14 individually identified neutered subjects. Behaviors were coded using a standardized ethogram and analyzed through paired Student's t-tests and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. No statistically significant differences in time budget were found between weekdays and weekends for any individual behavior or macro-category, though a moderate effect size for active behaviors suggests a potential trend limited by sample size. Colony visibility at P1, expressed as the number of cats present during each observation session, was significantly higher during weekends (M = 6.80) than weekdays (M = 4.17), with a large effect size (r = 0.767), suggesting that cats respond to human presence by altering their spatial distribution, rather than with substantial changes in their predominant behavioral states. These findings can give new insights into TNR colony management, helping to aovid underestimation of colony size through weekday-only monitoring.
Il disturbo antropico può influenzare il comportamento e la distribuzione spaziale delle colonie di gatti domestici (Felis catus) che vivono in ambienti urbani e periurbani. Questo studio mira a quantificare il bilancio del tempo (time budget) e i pattern di attività di una colonia gestita tramite il programma Trap-Neuter-Return (TNR) nel campus dell'Universidade Lusófona (Lisbona, Portogallo), confrontando le differenze comportamentali tra i giorni feriali e i fine settimana come indicatore del livello di disturbo umano. I dati sono stati raccolti da due osservatori utilizzando le tecniche di scan e focal animal sampling per un totale di 25 ore di osservazione in due siti distinti (P1 e P2), includendo 14 soggetti sterilizzati e identificati individualmente. I comportamenti sono stati codificati tramite un etogramma standardizzato e analizzati utilizzando il test t di Student per campioni appaiati e il Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Non sono state riscontrate differenze statisticamente significative nel bilancio del tempo tra giorni feriali e fine settimana per alcun singolo comportamento o macro-categoria, sebbene una dimensione dell'effetto (effect size) moderata per i comportamenti attivi suggerisca un potenziale trend limitato dalle dimensioni del campione. La visibilità della colonia nel sito P1, espressa come il numero di gatti presenti durante ogni sessione di osservazione, è risultata significativamente maggiore durante i fine settimana (M = 6,80) rispetto ai giorni feriali (M = 4,17), con un'ampia dimensione dell'effetto (r = 0,767). Questo suggerisce che i gatti rispondono alla presenza umana alterando la propria distribuzione spaziale, piuttosto che attraverso cambiamenti sostanziali nei loro stati comportamentali predominanti. Questi risultati possono fornire nuove prospettive per la gestione delle colonie TNR, aiutando a prevenire la sottostima delle dimensioni della colonia dovuta a monitoraggi effettuati esclusivamente durante i giorni feriali.
Effetto del Contesto Temporale sul Comportamento dei Gatti Randagi
DE NONI, FABIO
2025/2026
Abstract
Anthropogenic disturbance may influence the behavior and spatial distribution of colony domestic cat populations (Felis catus) living in urban and peri-urban environments. This study aims to quantify the time budget and activity patterns of a managed Trap-Neuter-Return (TNR) colony on the Universidade Lusófona campus (Lisbon, Portugal), comparing behavioral differences between weekdays and weekends as a proxy for human disturbance levels. Data were collected by two observers using scan and focal animal sampling over 25 hours of observation across two distinct observation sites (P1 and P2), involving 14 individually identified neutered subjects. Behaviors were coded using a standardized ethogram and analyzed through paired Student's t-tests and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. No statistically significant differences in time budget were found between weekdays and weekends for any individual behavior or macro-category, though a moderate effect size for active behaviors suggests a potential trend limited by sample size. Colony visibility at P1, expressed as the number of cats present during each observation session, was significantly higher during weekends (M = 6.80) than weekdays (M = 4.17), with a large effect size (r = 0.767), suggesting that cats respond to human presence by altering their spatial distribution, rather than with substantial changes in their predominant behavioral states. These findings can give new insights into TNR colony management, helping to aovid underestimation of colony size through weekday-only monitoring.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/114796