In recent years, microalgae have aroused growing interest from the scientific community and the food industry due to their high nutritional value and potential use as a sustainable source of bioactive compounds. Among these, the genus Nannochloropsis stands out for its high ability to accumulate long-chain polyunsaturated lipids and fatty acids, in particular eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), considered a nutrient of great interest to human health. The objective of this thesis is to analyze, through a review of the available scientific literature, the main biological and metabolic characteristics of Nannochloropsis, with particular attention to lipid synthesis mechanisms and biotechnological strategies adopted to increase its productivity. The applications of biomass and lipid extracts in the food and nutraceutical industry will also be deepened, evaluating their potential as a sustainable alternative to traditional sources of omega-3, such as fish oils. Finally, the future prospects related to the use of this microalgae will be discussed, considering both the technological and economic aspects still to be optimized, as well as its possible contribution to the development of more sustainable production systems oriented to the principles of the circular economy.
Negli ultimi anni le microalghe hanno suscitato un crescente interesse da parte della comunità scientifica e dell'industria alimentare grazie al loro elevato valore nutrizionale e al potenziale impiego come fonte sostenibile di composti bioattivi. Tra queste, il genere Nannochloropsis si distingue per l'elevata capacità di accumulare lipidi e acidi grassi polinsaturi a lunga catena, in particolare l'acido eicosapentaenoico (EPA), considerato un nutriente di grande interesse per la salute umana. L'obiettivo di questa tesi è analizzare, attraverso una revisione della letteratura scientifica disponibile, le principali caratteristiche biologiche e metaboliche di Nannochloropsis, con particolare attenzione ai meccanismi di sintesi dei lipidi e alle strategie biotecnologiche adottate per incrementarne la produttività. Verranno inoltre approfondite le applicazioni della biomassa e degli estratti lipidici nell'industria alimentare e nutraceutica, valutandone le potenzialità come alternativa sostenibile alle tradizionali fonti di omega-3, quali gli oli di pesce. Infine, saranno discusse le prospettive future legate all'impiego di questa microalga, considerando sia gli aspetti tecnologici ed economici ancora da ottimizzare, sia il suo possibile contributo allo sviluppo di sistemi produttivi più sostenibili e orientati ai principi dell'economia circolare.
Valutazione della microalga Nannochloropsis per l'industria alimentare
PAOLIN, CHIARA
2025/2026
Abstract
In recent years, microalgae have aroused growing interest from the scientific community and the food industry due to their high nutritional value and potential use as a sustainable source of bioactive compounds. Among these, the genus Nannochloropsis stands out for its high ability to accumulate long-chain polyunsaturated lipids and fatty acids, in particular eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), considered a nutrient of great interest to human health. The objective of this thesis is to analyze, through a review of the available scientific literature, the main biological and metabolic characteristics of Nannochloropsis, with particular attention to lipid synthesis mechanisms and biotechnological strategies adopted to increase its productivity. The applications of biomass and lipid extracts in the food and nutraceutical industry will also be deepened, evaluating their potential as a sustainable alternative to traditional sources of omega-3, such as fish oils. Finally, the future prospects related to the use of this microalgae will be discussed, considering both the technological and economic aspects still to be optimized, as well as its possible contribution to the development of more sustainable production systems oriented to the principles of the circular economy.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/114817