The Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), the etiological agent of the eponymous disease, is an RNA virus of the Nairoviridae family transmitted by the bite of ticks belonging to the Hyalomma genus. Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever presents a rather high mortality rate, which can reach 30%, and is endemic in several countries worldwide. Furthermore, there are currently no preventive measures or treatments available for the infection. The increasing global spread of the virus therefore poses a concerning threat to public health. This thesis aims to identify drugs already approved for other purposes as potential antivirals against CCHFV infection. Utilizing a drug repurposing strategy, a screening of an FDA-approved drug library was conducted to assess their ability to inhibit the virus's entry into target cells. Antiviral assays were subsequently developed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of these compounds and their potential cytotoxicity. For this purpose, a pseudotyped CCHFV model was used to enable testing in Biosafety Level 2 (BSL-2) laboratories. The study successfully identified several promising molecules; however, further in-depth studies are required for a comprehensive and adequate evaluation.
Il virus della febbre emorragica di Crimea-Congo (CCHFV), agente eziologico dell'omonima malattia, è un virus a RNA della famiglia Nairoviridae che viene trasmesso dal morso delle zecche appartenenti al genere Hyalomma. La febbre emorragica di Crimea-Congo presenta un tasso di mortalità piuttosto elevato, che può arrivare al 30%, ed è endemica in diversi Paesi del mondo. Inoltre, non vi sono misure di prevenzione né di trattamento dell’infezione. La crescente diffusione del virus a livello globale rappresenta, dunque, una preoccupante minaccia per la salute pubblica. Questo lavoro di tesi si pone l’obiettivo di identificare farmaci già approvati per altri scopi quali potenziali antivirali contro l’infezione da CCHFV. Sfruttando la strategia del drug repurposing, è stato eseguito lo screening di una libreria di farmaci approvati dall'FDA per valutare la loro capacità di inibire l'ingresso del virus nelle cellule bersaglio. Sono quindi stati messi a punto dei saggi antivirali per valutare l’effetto inibente dei suddetti composti e l’eventuale citotossicità degli stessi. A tale scopo, è stato utilizzato un modello di CCHFV pseudotipizzato per permettere l’esecuzione dei test in laboratori con livello di biosicurezza 2. Lo studio ha permesso di identificare alcune molecole promettenti, tuttavia studi più approfonditi risultano necessari per una valutazione adeguata e completa.
Screening di molecole per l'identificazione di inibitori dell'ingresso del virus della febbre emorragica di Crimea-Congo
BALDINAZZO, SIMONE
2025/2026
Abstract
The Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), the etiological agent of the eponymous disease, is an RNA virus of the Nairoviridae family transmitted by the bite of ticks belonging to the Hyalomma genus. Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever presents a rather high mortality rate, which can reach 30%, and is endemic in several countries worldwide. Furthermore, there are currently no preventive measures or treatments available for the infection. The increasing global spread of the virus therefore poses a concerning threat to public health. This thesis aims to identify drugs already approved for other purposes as potential antivirals against CCHFV infection. Utilizing a drug repurposing strategy, a screening of an FDA-approved drug library was conducted to assess their ability to inhibit the virus's entry into target cells. Antiviral assays were subsequently developed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of these compounds and their potential cytotoxicity. For this purpose, a pseudotyped CCHFV model was used to enable testing in Biosafety Level 2 (BSL-2) laboratories. The study successfully identified several promising molecules; however, further in-depth studies are required for a comprehensive and adequate evaluation.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/114830