Glioblastoma is one of the most aggressive and therapy-resistant brain tumors. The limited efficacy of currently available therapeutic strategies highlights the need to develop innovative approaches, including oncolytic virotherapy, which is based on the use of genetically modified viruses capable of selectively infecting tumor cells, promoting their lysis and stimulating an antitumor immune response. In this thesis, two oncolytic viruses derived from Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (oHSV-1), oHSV1-mIL12-aPD1-mCherry and oHSV1-mIL12-aPD1-memKillerRed, were validated. These viruses were engineered to express murine interleukin-12 and an anti-PD-1 antibody. The characterization of the viral constructs was performed using the murine glioblastoma cell line CT-2A in 2D and 3D culture models. In particular, spheroid formation, viral infectivity, cytotoxic activity through viability assays, and the expression of the therapeutic transgenes by RT-qPCR and ELISA were evaluated. In addition, the feasibility of using monocytes as viral carriers was assessed. Overall, the data obtained allowed the biological and functional properties of the engineered viruses to be defined, highlighting their potential as multifunctional therapeutic platforms for the treatment of glioblastoma and providing an experimental basis for further preclinical studies.
Il glioblastoma è uno dei tumori cerebrali più aggressivi e resistenti alle terapie convenzionali. La limitata efficacia delle strategie terapeutiche attualmente disponibili rende necessario lo sviluppo di approcci innovativi, tra cui la viroterapia oncolitica, basata sull'impiego di virus geneticamente modificati in grado di infettare selettivamente le cellule tumorali, promuovendone la lisi e stimolando una risposta immunitaria antitumorale. In questa tesi sono stati validati due virus oncolitici derivati dal Virus dell'Herpes Simplex di tipo 1 (oHSV-1), oHSV1-mIL12-aPD1-mCherry e oHSV1-mIL12-aPD1-memKillerRed, ingegnerizzati per esprimere interleuchina 12 murina e un anticorpo anti-PD-1. La caratterizzazione dei costrutti virali è stata condotta utilizzando la linea murina di glioblastoma CT-2A in modelli di coltura bidimensionali e tridimensionali. In particolare, è stata valutata la formazione degli sferoidi, la capacità infettiva dei virus, la loro attività citotossica mediante saggi di vitalità e l'espressione dei transgeni terapeutici mediante RT-qPCR ed ELISA. Inoltre, è stata valutata la possibilità di utilizzare i monociti come carrier del virus. Nel complesso, i dati ottenuti hanno consentito di definire le proprietà biologiche e funzionali dei virus ingegnerizzati, evidenziandone il potenziale come piattaforma terapeutica multifunzionale per il trattamento del glioblastoma e fornendo basi sperimentali per ulteriori studi preclinici.
Validazione di un HSV-1 oncolitico armato in modelli 2D e 3D in vitro
PETTENUZZO, SILVIA
2025/2026
Abstract
Glioblastoma is one of the most aggressive and therapy-resistant brain tumors. The limited efficacy of currently available therapeutic strategies highlights the need to develop innovative approaches, including oncolytic virotherapy, which is based on the use of genetically modified viruses capable of selectively infecting tumor cells, promoting their lysis and stimulating an antitumor immune response. In this thesis, two oncolytic viruses derived from Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (oHSV-1), oHSV1-mIL12-aPD1-mCherry and oHSV1-mIL12-aPD1-memKillerRed, were validated. These viruses were engineered to express murine interleukin-12 and an anti-PD-1 antibody. The characterization of the viral constructs was performed using the murine glioblastoma cell line CT-2A in 2D and 3D culture models. In particular, spheroid formation, viral infectivity, cytotoxic activity through viability assays, and the expression of the therapeutic transgenes by RT-qPCR and ELISA were evaluated. In addition, the feasibility of using monocytes as viral carriers was assessed. Overall, the data obtained allowed the biological and functional properties of the engineered viruses to be defined, highlighting their potential as multifunctional therapeutic platforms for the treatment of glioblastoma and providing an experimental basis for further preclinical studies.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/114887