The growing demand for propulsion systems for remotely piloted vehicles and small turbojet engines has increased interest in more advanced compressor technologies. In this context, centrifugal and mixed-flow compressors represent an excellent solution due to their compactness, simplicity, and ability to achieve high pressure ratios while maintaining reduced dimensions. The objective of this thesis is the analysis of centrifugal and mixed-flow compressors for small-scale gas turbine propulsion systems, with particular attention to design methodologies, aerodynamic performance, and additive manufacturing technologies. The study begins with an introduction to the operating principles and characteristics of the aforementioned compressor stages, as well as their applications in micro gas turbines. Subsequently, the state of the art will be presented, including references to the historical evolution of these compressor technologies, leading up to the most recent optimization techniques based on “Design of Experiments” and other surrogate models. Particular attention will be devoted to impeller geometry, diffuser configurations, and transonic flow behavior, all of which significantly affect compressor efficiency. The second part of the thesis focuses on additive manufacturing technologies, analyzing the main processes such as “Selective Laser Melting” and “Direct Metal Laser Sintering.” The advantages offered by these technologies will also be discussed, including greater geometric freedom, weight reduction, and the possibility of producing highly integrated components. Finally, future developments will be examined, with particular emphasis on advanced optimization strategies, aerodynamic control, and the increasingly important role of additive manufacturing technologies in the next generation of compact propulsion systems.
La domanda crescente di sistemi di propulsione per veicoli guidati a distanza e piccoli motori turbojet ha aumentato l’interesse verso delle tecnologie di compressori più avanzati, e compressori a flusso misto e centrifughi determino un’ottima soluzione data la loro compattezza, la loro semplicità, e la loro capacità di raggiungere alti rapporti di pressione con dimensione ridotte. In questa tesi l’obiettivo è l’analisi di compressori a flusso misto e centrifughi per le turbine a gas propulsive di piccola taglia, con particolare attenzione sulle metodologie di design, sulle performance aerodinamiche e sulle tecnologie di additive manufacturing. Lo studio parte dall’introduzione sui principi e sulle caratteristiche degli stadi dei compressori testé citati e le loro applicazioni alle microturbine a gas. Dopo di ciò si tratterà lo sviluppo dello stato dell’arte con degli accenni all’evoluzione storica di questa tecnologia di compressori, fino ad arrivare alle recenti tecniche di ottimizzazione basate su ‘Design of Experiments’ e altri modelli surrogati. Con attenzione alla geometria della girante, alle configurazioni del diffusore e al comportamento in flusso transonico, tutti elementi che hanno effetti sull’efficienza del compressore. La seconda parte della trattazione si concentra sulla tecnologia additive manufacturing, qui vengono analizzati i principali processi come il ‘Selective Laser Melting’ e il ‘Direct Metal Laser Sintering’. Si discuterà ancora sui vantaggi portati da questa tecnologia come libertà geometrica, riduzione del peso, e la possibilità di produrre componenti perfettamente correlati. In fine si discuterà degli sviluppi futuri riguardanti soprattutto sulle strategie avanzate di ottimizzazione, controllo aerodinamico e il crescente ruolo della tecnologia additive nelle prossime generazioni di sistemi di propulsione compatti.
Compressori a flusso misto e centrifughi per le turbine a gas propulsive di piccola taglia: progettazione e tecnologie di additive manufacturing
CORSARO, GIULIO
2025/2026
Abstract
The growing demand for propulsion systems for remotely piloted vehicles and small turbojet engines has increased interest in more advanced compressor technologies. In this context, centrifugal and mixed-flow compressors represent an excellent solution due to their compactness, simplicity, and ability to achieve high pressure ratios while maintaining reduced dimensions. The objective of this thesis is the analysis of centrifugal and mixed-flow compressors for small-scale gas turbine propulsion systems, with particular attention to design methodologies, aerodynamic performance, and additive manufacturing technologies. The study begins with an introduction to the operating principles and characteristics of the aforementioned compressor stages, as well as their applications in micro gas turbines. Subsequently, the state of the art will be presented, including references to the historical evolution of these compressor technologies, leading up to the most recent optimization techniques based on “Design of Experiments” and other surrogate models. Particular attention will be devoted to impeller geometry, diffuser configurations, and transonic flow behavior, all of which significantly affect compressor efficiency. The second part of the thesis focuses on additive manufacturing technologies, analyzing the main processes such as “Selective Laser Melting” and “Direct Metal Laser Sintering.” The advantages offered by these technologies will also be discussed, including greater geometric freedom, weight reduction, and the possibility of producing highly integrated components. Finally, future developments will be examined, with particular emphasis on advanced optimization strategies, aerodynamic control, and the increasingly important role of additive manufacturing technologies in the next generation of compact propulsion systems.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/115171