This thesis analyzes the two-body problem using the formalism of Geometric Algebra (GA). The first part introduces basic concepts, such as the geometric product, the inner and outer products, multivectors, the multiplicative inverse, and reversion. Subsequently, the algebra of two- and three-dimensional spaces is formalized, describing rotations through the use of spinors and rotors in exponential form. The core of the work is represented by the application of these concepts to Celestial Mechanics. After reformulating the first integrals of Keplerian motion, the thesis focuses on the spinorial regularization of motion in the absence of perturbative phenomena. This is analyzed in both the two-dimensional and three-dimensional cases, where a specific gauge condition is introduced. The results and graphical findings show how the spinorial approach successfully linearizes the equation of motion, transforming it into that of a simple harmonic oscillator. This approach proves advantageous for three reasons: it is linear (transforming a complex differential equation into one that is easily solved), universal (unifying the treatment of any orbit, whether elliptic, parabolic, or hyperbolic), and regular (eliminating the mathematical singularity of the collision). The work concludes with a brief discussion on the equation of motion in spinorial form in the presence of perturbative phenomena.
La tesi analizza il problema dei due corpi utilizzando il formalismo dell'Algebra Geometrica (GA). Nella prima parte vengono introdotti i concetti di base, quali il prodotto geometrico, il prodotto interno ed esterno, i multivettori, l'inverso moltiplicativo e la reversione. Successivamente viene formalizzata l'algebra degli spazi a due e tre dimensioni, descrivendo le rotazioni attraverso l'uso di spinori e rotori in forma esponenziale. Il cuore dell'elaborato è rappresentato dall'applicazione di questi concetti alla Meccanica Celeste. Dopo aver riformulato gli integrali primi del moto di Keplero, la tesi si concentra sulla regolarizzazione spinoriale del moto in assenza di fenomeni perturbativi. Questa viene analizzata sia nel caso bidimensionale sia nel caso tridimensionale, dove viene introdotta una specifica condizione di Gauge. I risultati e i riscontri grafici mostrano come l'approccio spinoriale riesca a linearizzare l'equazione del moto, trasformandola in quella di un semplice oscillatore armonico. Questo approccio si rivela vantaggioso per tre motivi: è lineare (trasforma un'equazione differenziale complessa in una di semplice risoluzione), universale (unifica la trattazione di qualsiasi orbita, sia essa ellittica, parabolica o iperbolica) e regolare (elimina la singolarità matematica della collisione). L'elaborato si conclude con un accenno allo studio dell'equazione del moto in forma spinoriale in presenza di perturbazioni.
Algebra Geometrica e Meccanica Celeste: Una trattazione spinoriale del Problema dei Due Corpi
NINNI, NICOLÒ
2025/2026
Abstract
This thesis analyzes the two-body problem using the formalism of Geometric Algebra (GA). The first part introduces basic concepts, such as the geometric product, the inner and outer products, multivectors, the multiplicative inverse, and reversion. Subsequently, the algebra of two- and three-dimensional spaces is formalized, describing rotations through the use of spinors and rotors in exponential form. The core of the work is represented by the application of these concepts to Celestial Mechanics. After reformulating the first integrals of Keplerian motion, the thesis focuses on the spinorial regularization of motion in the absence of perturbative phenomena. This is analyzed in both the two-dimensional and three-dimensional cases, where a specific gauge condition is introduced. The results and graphical findings show how the spinorial approach successfully linearizes the equation of motion, transforming it into that of a simple harmonic oscillator. This approach proves advantageous for three reasons: it is linear (transforming a complex differential equation into one that is easily solved), universal (unifying the treatment of any orbit, whether elliptic, parabolic, or hyperbolic), and regular (eliminating the mathematical singularity of the collision). The work concludes with a brief discussion on the equation of motion in spinorial form in the presence of perturbative phenomena.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/115202