This thesis analyses the figure of Odysseus in two postmodern reinterpretations of the Homeric myth: Omero, Iliade by Alessandro Baricco (Italy, 2006) and Trois Fois Ulysse by Claudine Galea (France, 2024). Despite their different contexts of production, both works converge towards the same conclusion: the deconstruction of canonical heroism in favour of a vulnerable male figure, capable of experiencing fear, pain and trauma. The first chapter examines the writing strategies of the two authors. Baricco proceeds by subtraction, reducing the intervention of the Olympian gods to centre the narrative on the human; Galea, by contrast, adopts a poetic and fragmented style, giving voice to three female figures, Hecuba, Calypso and Penelope, who constitute the three acts of her play. The second chapter analyses four scenes from Omero, Iliade in which Odysseus’s heroism gradually crumbles, culminating in the tears he sheds during the banquet at Alcinous’s court. The third chapter examines the explicit deconstruction carried out by Galea through the three female figures, who undermine the three fundamental Homeric values: kleos (glory), telos (purpose) and nostos (return). The analysis demonstrates that the portrayal of a vulnerable Odysseus is not an isolated stylistic choice, but part of a broader cultural phenomenon, rooted in contemporary psychology, notably Brené Brown’s work on vulnerability as a value, and in the transformations brought about by feminist movements. Baricco glimpses the crack; Galea turns it into a door.
Le Mémoire analyse la figure d'Ulysse dans deux réécritures postmodernes du mythe homérique : Omero, Iliade d'Alessandro Baricco (Italie, 2006) et Trois Fois Ulysse de Claudine Galea (France, 2024). Malgré leurs contextes de production différents, les deux œuvres convergent vers un même point d'arrivée : la déconstruction de l'héroïsme canonique au profit d'une figure masculine vulnérable, capable d'éprouver la peur, la douleur et le traumatisme. Le premier chapitre examine les stratégies d'écriture des deux auteurs. Baricco procède par soustraction, en réduisant l'intervention des dieux de l'Olympe pour centrer le récit sur l'humain ; Galea, en revanche, adopte un style poétique et fragmenté, donnant la parole à trois figures féminines, Hécube, Calypso et Pénélope, qui constituent les trois actes de son œuvre théâtrale. Le deuxième chapitre analyse quatre scènes de Omero, Iliade dans lesquelles l'héroïsme d'Ulysse s'effrite progressivement, culminant dans les larmes versées lors du banquet chez Alcinoos. Le troisième chapitre examine la déconstruction explicite opérée par Galea à travers les trois figures féminines, qui réduisent à néant les trois valeurs homériques fondamentales : le kleos (la gloire), le telos (l'objectif) et le nostos (le retour). L'analyse démontre que la représentation d'un Ulysse vulnérable ne relève pas d'un choix stylistique isolé, mais d'un phénomène culturel plus vaste, ancré dans la psychologie contemporaine, notamment les travaux de Brené Brown sur la vulnérabilité comme valeur, et dans les transformations apportées par les mouvements féministes. Baricco entrevoit la fissure ; Galea en fait une porte.
De l'ingéniosité à la vulnérabilité : Ulysse postmoderne chez Baricco et Galea
RE, ELISA
2025/2026
Abstract
This thesis analyses the figure of Odysseus in two postmodern reinterpretations of the Homeric myth: Omero, Iliade by Alessandro Baricco (Italy, 2006) and Trois Fois Ulysse by Claudine Galea (France, 2024). Despite their different contexts of production, both works converge towards the same conclusion: the deconstruction of canonical heroism in favour of a vulnerable male figure, capable of experiencing fear, pain and trauma. The first chapter examines the writing strategies of the two authors. Baricco proceeds by subtraction, reducing the intervention of the Olympian gods to centre the narrative on the human; Galea, by contrast, adopts a poetic and fragmented style, giving voice to three female figures, Hecuba, Calypso and Penelope, who constitute the three acts of her play. The second chapter analyses four scenes from Omero, Iliade in which Odysseus’s heroism gradually crumbles, culminating in the tears he sheds during the banquet at Alcinous’s court. The third chapter examines the explicit deconstruction carried out by Galea through the three female figures, who undermine the three fundamental Homeric values: kleos (glory), telos (purpose) and nostos (return). The analysis demonstrates that the portrayal of a vulnerable Odysseus is not an isolated stylistic choice, but part of a broader cultural phenomenon, rooted in contemporary psychology, notably Brené Brown’s work on vulnerability as a value, and in the transformations brought about by feminist movements. Baricco glimpses the crack; Galea turns it into a door.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/117372